José A Muñoz-Moreno1, Maria J Fuster-Ruiz de Apodaca2, Carmina R Fumaz3, Maria J Ferrer3, Fernando Molero4, Àngels Jaen5, Bonaventura Clotet6, David Dalmau5. 1. Fundació Lluita contra la SIDA, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, España; Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, España. Electronic address: jmunoz@flsida.org. 2. Sociedad Española Interdisciplinaria del SIDA (SEISIDA), Madrid, España; Departamento de Psicología Social y de las Organizaciones, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), Madrid, España. 3. Fundació Lluita contra la SIDA, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, España; Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, España. 4. Departamento de Psicología Social y de las Organizaciones, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), Madrid, España. 5. Sociedad Española Interdisciplinaria del SIDA (SEISIDA), Madrid, España; Hospital Mútua de Terrassa, Terrassa, Barcelona, España. 6. Fundació Lluita contra la SIDA, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, España; Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, España; Institut per la Recerca de la SIDA IrsiCaixa, Badalona, Barcelona, España.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Cognitive complaints have been scarcely studied in people with HIV in Spain. The aim of this research was to know the prevalence of cognitive complaints in HIV-infected people, as well as its potential relationships with demographic, clinical and psychological variables, in the era of combination antiretroviral therapies. PATIENTS AND METHOD: Observational multicenter study developed in 4 hospitals and 10 NGOs, in which 791 people with HIV in Spain participated. A self-reported questionnaire was used to evaluate demographic and clinical variables, and an assessment of cognitive complaints, emotional status and quality of life variables was also included. Descriptive and inferential tests were used for statistical analyses. RESULTS: Almost half of the sample (49.8%) referred cognitive complaints, in 72.1% of them an association with interference on daily living activities was found. Memory and attention were the areas most prevalently perceived as affected. The existence of cognitive complaints correlated with a longer HIV infection, lower CD4+ cell count, undetectable viral load and worse quality of life. A discriminant analysis determined that depression, anxiety, older age, living with no partner and low education level allowed to classify optimally HIV-infected people with cognitive complaints. CONCLUSIONS: Self-reported cognitive complaints are frequent in people infected with HIV in the current era of combination antiretroviral therapies. This fact is related to emotional disturbances and poor quality of life, but also to impaired immunological and virological status.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Cognitive complaints have been scarcely studied in people with HIV in Spain. The aim of this research was to know the prevalence of cognitive complaints in HIV-infected people, as well as its potential relationships with demographic, clinical and psychological variables, in the era of combination antiretroviral therapies. PATIENTS AND METHOD: Observational multicenter study developed in 4 hospitals and 10 NGOs, in which 791 people with HIV in Spain participated. A self-reported questionnaire was used to evaluate demographic and clinical variables, and an assessment of cognitive complaints, emotional status and quality of life variables was also included. Descriptive and inferential tests were used for statistical analyses. RESULTS: Almost half of the sample (49.8%) referred cognitive complaints, in 72.1% of them an association with interference on daily living activities was found. Memory and attention were the areas most prevalently perceived as affected. The existence of cognitive complaints correlated with a longer HIV infection, lower CD4+ cell count, undetectable viral load and worse quality of life. A discriminant analysis determined that depression, anxiety, older age, living with no partner and low education level allowed to classify optimally HIV-infected people with cognitive complaints. CONCLUSIONS: Self-reported cognitive complaints are frequent in people infected with HIV in the current era of combination antiretroviral therapies. This fact is related to emotional disturbances and poor quality of life, but also to impaired immunological and virological status.
Keywords:
Ansiedad; Antiretroviral therapy; Anxiety; Cognitive complaints; Depresión; Depression; Human immunodeficiency virus-infection; Infección por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana; Quejas cognitivas; Tratamiento antirretroviral
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