PURPOSE: This study is directed at identifying the cell source(s) of immunomodulatory cytokines in high-grade gliomas and establishing whether the analysis of associated markers has implications for tumor grading. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Glioma specimens classified as WHO grade II-IV by histopathology were assessed by gene expression analysis and immunohistochemistry to identify the cells producing interleukin (IL)-10, which was confirmed by flow cytometry and factor secretion in culture. Finally, principal component analysis (PCA) and mixture discriminant analysis (MDA) were used to investigate associations between expressed genes and glioma grade. RESULTS: The principle source of glioma-associated IL-10 is a cell type that bears phenotype markers consistent with M2 monocytes but does not express all M2-associated genes. Measures of expression of the M2 cell markers CD14, CD68, CD163, and CD204, which are elevated in high-grade gliomas, and the neutrophil/myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC) subset marker CD15, which is reduced, provide the best index of glioma grade. CONCLUSIONS: Grade II and IV astrocytomas can be clearly differentiated on the basis of the expression of certain M2 markers in tumor tissues, whereas grade III astrocytomas exhibit a range of expression between the lower and higher grade specimens. The content of CD163(+) cells distinguishes grade III astrocytoma subsets with different prognosis.
PURPOSE: This study is directed at identifying the cell source(s) of immunomodulatory cytokines in high-grade gliomas and establishing whether the analysis of associated markers has implications for tumor grading. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN:Glioma specimens classified as WHO grade II-IV by histopathology were assessed by gene expression analysis and immunohistochemistry to identify the cells producing interleukin (IL)-10, which was confirmed by flow cytometry and factor secretion in culture. Finally, principal component analysis (PCA) and mixture discriminant analysis (MDA) were used to investigate associations between expressed genes and glioma grade. RESULTS: The principle source of glioma-associated IL-10 is a cell type that bears phenotype markers consistent with M2 monocytes but does not express all M2-associated genes. Measures of expression of the M2 cell markers CD14, CD68, CD163, and CD204, which are elevated in high-grade gliomas, and the neutrophil/myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC) subset marker CD15, which is reduced, provide the best index of glioma grade. CONCLUSIONS: Grade II and IV astrocytomas can be clearly differentiated on the basis of the expression of certain M2 markers in tumor tissues, whereas grade III astrocytomas exhibit a range of expression between the lower and higher grade specimens. The content of CD163(+) cells distinguishes grade III astrocytoma subsets with different prognosis.
Authors: Wouter B L van den Bossche; Anne Kleijn; Charlotte E Teunissen; Jane S A Voerman; Cristina Teodosio; David P Noske; Jacques J M van Dongen; Clemens M F Dirven; Martine L M Lamfers Journal: Neuro Oncol Date: 2018-10-09 Impact factor: 12.300
Authors: Joseph A Flores-Toro; Defang Luo; Adithya Gopinath; Matthew R Sarkisian; James J Campbell; Israel F Charo; Rajinder Singh; Thomas J Schall; Meenal Datta; Rakesh K Jain; Duane A Mitchell; Jeffrey K Harrison Journal: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Date: 2019-12-26 Impact factor: 11.205
Authors: Ishani De; Megan D Steffen; Paul A Clark; Clayton J Patros; Emily Sokn; Stephanie M Bishop; Suzanne Litscher; Vilena I Maklakova; John S Kuo; Fausto J Rodriguez; Lara S Collier Journal: Cancer Res Date: 2016-03-24 Impact factor: 12.701
Authors: Larry A Harshyne; Brian J Nasca; Lawrence C Kenyon; David W Andrews; D Craig Hooper Journal: Neuro Oncol Date: 2015-07-14 Impact factor: 12.300
Authors: Konrad Gabrusiewicz; Benjamin Rodriguez; Jun Wei; Yuuri Hashimoto; Luke M Healy; Sourindra N Maiti; Ginu Thomas; Shouhao Zhou; Qianghu Wang; Ahmed Elakkad; Brandon D Liebelt; Nasser K Yaghi; Ravesanker Ezhilarasan; Neal Huang; Jeffrey S Weinberg; Sujit S Prabhu; Ganesh Rao; Raymond Sawaya; Lauren A Langford; Janet M Bruner; Gregory N Fuller; Amit Bar-Or; Wei Li; Rivka R Colen; Michael A Curran; Krishna P Bhat; Jack P Antel; Laurence J Cooper; Erik P Sulman; Amy B Heimberger Journal: JCI Insight Date: 2016-02-25