BACKGROUND: B-lymphocytes play a central and critical role in the adaptive immune response against invading pathogens. This study evaluates saliva and serum levels of APRIL (a proliferation-inducing ligand), B-cell activating factor (BAFF), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-10 in patients with chronic periodontitis (CP) or aggressive periodontitis (AgP) and periodontally healthy individuals. METHODS: Twenty-five patients with AgP, 20 patients with CP, and 20 periodontally healthy individuals were included. Smoking status was recorded, and all individuals were divided into non-smokers and smokers. Saliva and serum samples were collected before clinical periodontal measurements. APRIL, BAFF, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10 levels in serum and saliva samples were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Statistical analysis was performed using multivariate analysis of variance and bivariate correlation. RESULTS: Serum and saliva levels of TNF-α, APRIL, BAFF, IL-6, and IL-10 were similar in CP and AgP groups. Serum levels of TNF-α, APRIL, and BAFF and saliva levels of BAFF were significantly higher in periodontitis groups than healthy controls (P <0.05). Non-smokers with CP or AgP had lower levels of saliva TNF-α and APRIL and serum APRIL and IL-6 than smokers with CP or AgP (P <0.05). Saliva APRIL and serum TNF-α and IL-6 levels were significantly higher in healthy smokers than healthy non-smokers (P <0.05). Clinical periodontal parameters correlated positively with TNF-family cytokines and negatively with IL-10 (P <0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Within the limits of this study, it may be suggested that elevated salivary and serum TNF-α, APRIL, and BAFF in patients with periodontitis may contribute to the dominance of B cells in periodontitis lesions. Moreover, higher levels in healthy smokers than non-smoking counterparts may play a role in detrimental effects of smoking on periodontal tissues.
BACKGROUND: B-lymphocytes play a central and critical role in the adaptive immune response against invading pathogens. This study evaluates saliva and serum levels of APRIL (a proliferation-inducing ligand), B-cell activating factor (BAFF), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-10 in patients with chronic periodontitis (CP) or aggressive periodontitis (AgP) and periodontally healthy individuals. METHODS: Twenty-five patients with AgP, 20 patients with CP, and 20 periodontally healthy individuals were included. Smoking status was recorded, and all individuals were divided into non-smokers and smokers. Saliva and serum samples were collected before clinical periodontal measurements. APRIL, BAFF, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10 levels in serum and saliva samples were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Statistical analysis was performed using multivariate analysis of variance and bivariate correlation. RESULTS: Serum and saliva levels of TNF-α, APRIL, BAFF, IL-6, and IL-10 were similar in CP and AgP groups. Serum levels of TNF-α, APRIL, and BAFF and saliva levels of BAFF were significantly higher in periodontitis groups than healthy controls (P <0.05). Non-smokers with CP or AgP had lower levels of saliva TNF-α and APRIL and serum APRIL and IL-6 than smokers with CP or AgP (P <0.05). Saliva APRIL and serum TNF-α and IL-6 levels were significantly higher in healthy smokers than healthy non-smokers (P <0.05). Clinical periodontal parameters correlated positively with TNF-family cytokines and negatively with IL-10 (P <0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Within the limits of this study, it may be suggested that elevated salivary and serum TNF-α, APRIL, and BAFF in patients with periodontitis may contribute to the dominance of B cells in periodontitis lesions. Moreover, higher levels in healthy smokers than non-smoking counterparts may play a role in detrimental effects of smoking on periodontal tissues.
Authors: Jenna L Riis; Douglas A Granger; Janet A DiPietro; Karen Bandeen-Roche; Sara B Johnson Journal: Dev Psychobiol Date: 2015-01-21 Impact factor: 3.038
Authors: Toshiharu Abe; Mohammed AlSarhan; Manjunatha R Benakanakere; Tomoki Maekawa; Denis F Kinane; Michael P Cancro; Jonathan M Korostoff; George Hajishengallis Journal: J Immunol Date: 2015-07-06 Impact factor: 5.422
Authors: Jeffrey L Ebersole; Radhakrishnan Nagarajan; David Akers; Craig S Miller Journal: Front Cell Infect Microbiol Date: 2015-08-19 Impact factor: 5.293