BACKGROUND: During the spring of 2013, a novel avian-origin influenza A (H7N9) virus emerged and spread among humans in China. Data were lacking on the clinical characteristics of the infections caused by this virus. METHODS: Using medical charts, we collected data on 111 patients with laboratory-confirmed avian-origin influenza A (H7N9) infection through May 10, 2013. RESULTS: Of the 111 patients we studied, 76.6% were admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU), and 27.0% died. The median age was 61 years, and 42.3% were 65 years of age or older; 31.5% were female. A total of 61.3% of the patients had at least one underlying medical condition. Fever and cough were the most common presenting symptoms. On admission, 108 patients (97.3%) had findings consistent with pneumonia. Bilateral ground-glass opacities and consolidation were the typical radiologic findings. Lymphocytopenia was observed in 88.3% of patients, and thrombocytopenia in 73.0%. Treatment with antiviral drugs was initiated in 108 patients (97.3%) at a median of 7 days after the onset of illness. The median times from the onset of illness and from the initiation of antiviral therapy to a negative viral test result on real-time reverse-transcriptase-polymerase-chain-reaction assay were 11 days (interquartile range, 9 to 16) and 6 days (interquartile range, 4 to 7), respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed that the presence of a coexisting medical condition was the only independent risk factor for the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) (odds ratio, 3.42; 95% confidence interval, 1.21 to 9.70; P=0.02). CONCLUSIONS: During the evaluation period, the novel H7N9 virus caused severe illness, including pneumonia and ARDS, with high rates of ICU admission and death. (Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and others.).
BACKGROUND: During the spring of 2013, a novel avian-origin influenza A (H7N9) virus emerged and spread among humans in China. Data were lacking on the clinical characteristics of the infections caused by this virus. METHODS: Using medical charts, we collected data on 111 patients with laboratory-confirmed avian-origin influenza A (H7N9) infection through May 10, 2013. RESULTS: Of the 111 patients we studied, 76.6% were admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU), and 27.0% died. The median age was 61 years, and 42.3% were 65 years of age or older; 31.5% were female. A total of 61.3% of the patients had at least one underlying medical condition. Fever and cough were the most common presenting symptoms. On admission, 108 patients (97.3%) had findings consistent with pneumonia. Bilateral ground-glass opacities and consolidation were the typical radiologic findings. Lymphocytopenia was observed in 88.3% of patients, and thrombocytopenia in 73.0%. Treatment with antiviral drugs was initiated in 108 patients (97.3%) at a median of 7 days after the onset of illness. The median times from the onset of illness and from the initiation of antiviral therapy to a negative viral test result on real-time reverse-transcriptase-polymerase-chain-reaction assay were 11 days (interquartile range, 9 to 16) and 6 days (interquartile range, 4 to 7), respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed that the presence of a coexisting medical condition was the only independent risk factor for the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) (odds ratio, 3.42; 95% confidence interval, 1.21 to 9.70; P=0.02). CONCLUSIONS: During the evaluation period, the novel H7N9 virus caused severe illness, including pneumonia and ARDS, with high rates of ICU admission and death. (Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and others.).
Authors: Benjamin J Cowling; Lianmei Jin; Eric H Y Lau; Qiaohong Liao; Peng Wu; Hui Jiang; Tim K Tsang; Jiandong Zheng; Vicky J Fang; Zhaorui Chang; Michael Y Ni; Qian Zhang; Dennis K M Ip; Jianxing Yu; Yu Li; Liping Wang; Wenxiao Tu; Ling Meng; Joseph T Wu; Huiming Luo; Qun Li; Yuelong Shu; Zhongjie Li; Zijian Feng; Weizhong Yang; Yu Wang; Gabriel M Leung; Hongjie Yu Journal: Lancet Date: 2013-06-24 Impact factor: 79.321
Authors: Jørgen de Jonge; Harry van Dijken; Femke de Heij; Sanne Spijkers; Justin Mouthaan; Rineke de Jong; Paul Roholl; Eduardo Alfredo Adami; Milena Apetito Akamatsu; Paulo Lee Ho; Livia Brunner; Nicolas Collin; Martin Friede; José A Ferreira; Willem Luytjes Journal: NPJ Vaccines Date: 2020-05-11 Impact factor: 7.344
Authors: Kannan Tharakaraman; Vidya Subramanian; Karthik Viswanathan; Susan Sloan; Hui-Ling Yen; Dale L Barnard; Y H Connie Leung; Kristy J Szretter; Tyree J Koch; James C Delaney; Gregory J Babcock; Gerald N Wogan; Ram Sasisekharan; Zachary Shriver Journal: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Date: 2015-08-17 Impact factor: 11.205