The role of NF-κB1A promoter polymorphisms on coronary artery disease risk.

Coronary artery disease (CAD), which is now regarded as a chronic inflammatory disease, is the leading cause of death worldwide. Nuclear factor (NF)-κB is a transcription factor that plays an important role in the regulation of the immune system. NF-κBIA is the inhibitory version of NF-κB. This study is the first investigation of the association between CAD and NF-κBIA-297 C/T, -826 C/T, -881 A/G polymorphisms in a Turkish population using PCR-RFLP method. The study population comprised 201 cases with CAD and 201 healthy controls. There was no significant difference in NF-κB1A-297 C/T and -881 A/G in allele and genotype frequencies between case and control populations. The genotype frequency of NF-κBIA-826TT in the patients with CAD was significantly higher than that of the controls (p = 0.015, adjusted OR = 7.09, 95% CI = 1.95-25.70). The patients with CAD also had significantly higher carriage rate of NF-κBIA-826T allele than the controls (p = 0.03, OR = 1.43, 95% CI = 1.03-1.99). Linkage analysis indicated a close linkage among these three variants of NF-κBIA (for case, χ(2 ) = 85.35 and p < 0.001; for control, χ(2 ) = 21.58 p < 0.001) and TTG, TTA and TCG haplotypes were associated with CAD (adjusted OR = 2.54, 95% CI = 0.88-7.27; p = 0.001, adjusted OR = 1.61, 95% CI: 0.64-4.02; p = 0.04, adjusted OR = 0.08, 95% CI = 0.01-0.64; p < 0.001, respectively). NF-κBIA-826TT genotype may be a significant risk factor and a valuable marker for the development of CAD.