OBJECTIVES: Rotavirus is the most important etiology of severe diarrhea in Bolivia. The monovalent attenuated human oral rotavirus vaccine Rotarix(®) was introduced in Bolivia in 2008. We describe the molecular epidemiology of circulating rotavirus strains before vaccine introduction. METHODS: Two thousand one hundred thirty-five diarrheal samples were collected from hospitals in four Bolivian cities during 2007-2008. Forty-three percent (445 of 1030 rotavirus-positive samples) were analyzed for G and P genotypes. Among those, 331 were electropherotyped by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Disease severity was quantified using a modified Vesikari scale. RESULTS: Among the 445 samples, five genotypes were found to be prevalent: G9P[8] (33%), G1P[6] (17%), G2P[4] (13%), G9P[6] (12%), and G1P[8] (4%). Co-infections with two or more strains accounted for 14% of samples. The most prevalent strain, G9, showed greater electropherotype diversity compared to other serogroups. Strain G1P[6] generally infected younger children and peaked later in the year than other strains. No particular genotype was associated with a higher severity score, though there was a significant difference in the duration of diarrhea between genotypes. CONCLUSIONS: During the 2-year pre-vaccine period, substantial diversity of rotavirus co-circulating strains was observed. These data constitute a baseline against which changes in circulating strains post-vaccine introduction can be monitored.
OBJECTIVES:Rotavirus is the most important etiology of severe diarrhea in Bolivia. The monovalent attenuated human oral rotavirus vaccine Rotarix(®) was introduced in Bolivia in 2008. We describe the molecular epidemiology of circulating rotavirus strains before vaccine introduction. METHODS: Two thousand one hundred thirty-five diarrheal samples were collected from hospitals in four Bolivian cities during 2007-2008. Forty-three percent (445 of 1030 rotavirus-positive samples) were analyzed for G and P genotypes. Among those, 331 were electropherotyped by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Disease severity was quantified using a modified Vesikari scale. RESULTS: Among the 445 samples, five genotypes were found to be prevalent: G9P[8] (33%), G1P[6] (17%), G2P[4] (13%), G9P[6] (12%), and G1P[8] (4%). Co-infections with two or more strains accounted for 14% of samples. The most prevalent strain, G9, showed greater electropherotype diversity compared to other serogroups. Strain G1P[6] generally infected younger children and peaked later in the year than other strains. No particular genotype was associated with a higher severity score, though there was a significant difference in the duration of diarrhea between genotypes. CONCLUSIONS: During the 2-year pre-vaccine period, substantial diversity of rotavirus co-circulating strains was observed. These data constitute a baseline against which changes in circulating strains post-vaccine introduction can be monitored.
Authors: R Boom; C J Sol; M M Salimans; C L Jansen; P M Wertheim-van Dillen; J van der Noordaa Journal: J Clin Microbiol Date: 1990-03 Impact factor: 5.948
Authors: B K Das; J R Gentsch; H G Cicirello; P A Woods; A Gupta; M Ramachandran; R Kumar; M K Bhan; R I Glass Journal: J Clin Microbiol Date: 1994-07 Impact factor: 5.948
Authors: J R Gentsch; R I Glass; P Woods; V Gouvea; M Gorziglia; J Flores; B K Das; M K Bhan Journal: J Clin Microbiol Date: 1992-06 Impact factor: 5.948
Authors: Manish Patel; Andi L Shane; Umesh D Parashar; Baoming Jiang; Jon R Gentsch; Roger I Glass Journal: J Infect Dis Date: 2009-11-01 Impact factor: 5.226
Authors: Christine Marie George; Jamie Perin; Karen J Neiswender de Calani; W Ray Norman; Henry Perry; Thomas P Davis; Erik D Lindquist Journal: Am J Trop Med Hyg Date: 2014-10-13 Impact factor: 2.345
Authors: Casey L McAtee; Rachel Webman; Robert H Gilman; Carolina Mejia; Caryn Bern; Sonia Apaza; Susan Espetia; Mónica Pajuelo; Mayuko Saito; Roxanna Challappa; Richard Soria; Jose P Ribera; Daniel Lozano; Faustino Torrico Journal: Am J Trop Med Hyg Date: 2015-11-23 Impact factor: 2.345