Xin Zhou1, Ying Zhang, Naijun Han, Suping Guo, Ting Xiao, Shujun Cheng, Yanning Gao, Kaitai Zhang. 1. State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Prevention, Cancer Institute, Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: It has been proven that epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a critical process which is precisely regulated by multiple signaling pathways during the progression and metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Canonical MAPK signaling is essential to transforming growth factor β (TGFβ)-induced EMT. Using the NSCLC cell line A549 as a model, the aim of this study is to explore the molecular mechanism of ENO1 affecting EMT. METHODS: We established an A549 strain stably overexpressing ENO1. Cell mobility was measured by the wound-healing assay. EMT-related molecular alterations were detected by Western blot analysis. The effect of ENO1 on EMT was also detected by TGFβ-1-inducing assay. EGF-stimulating assay was performed to illustrate ERK1/2 phosphorylation changes resulting from ENO1 overexpression. RESULTS: Overexpressed ENO1 inhibited the mobility of A549 (P<0.05), as well as the expression of the mesenchymal markers N-cadherin and vimentin, but upregulated the epithelial marker E-cadherin. TGFβ-inducing assay also showed that the negative effect of ENO1 on EMT. ERK1/2 phosphorylation was also obviously suppressed by ENO1 in the EGF-stimulating assay. CONCLUSIONS: In NSCLC cells, ENO1 overexpression can inhibit EMT in vitro by suppressing ERK1/2 phosphorylation.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: It has been proven that epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a critical process which is precisely regulated by multiple signaling pathways during the progression and metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Canonical MAPK signaling is essential to transforming growth factor β (TGFβ)-induced EMT. Using the NSCLC cell line A549 as a model, the aim of this study is to explore the molecular mechanism of ENO1 affecting EMT. METHODS: We established an A549 strain stably overexpressing ENO1. Cell mobility was measured by the wound-healing assay. EMT-related molecular alterations were detected by Western blot analysis. The effect of ENO1 on EMT was also detected by TGFβ-1-inducing assay. EGF-stimulating assay was performed to illustrate ERK1/2 phosphorylation changes resulting from ENO1 overexpression. RESULTS: Overexpressed ENO1 inhibited the mobility of A549 (P<0.05), as well as the expression of the mesenchymal markers N-cadherin and vimentin, but upregulated the epithelial marker E-cadherin. TGFβ-inducing assay also showed that the negative effect of ENO1 on EMT. ERK1/2 phosphorylation was also obviously suppressed by ENO1 in the EGF-stimulating assay. CONCLUSIONS: In NSCLC cells, ENO1 overexpression can inhibit EMT in vitro by suppressing ERK1/2 phosphorylation.
ENO1 inhibits A549 cell mobility and EMT process. A: Wound-healing assay: a continuous observation showed that over-expression of ENO1 resulted in limitation of A549 mobility (*t-test, P < 0.05). In the chart, Y-axis represents the relative wound width and X-axis represents time period; B: Western blot assay: compared to A549-Ctrl, E-cadherin up-regulated in A549-ENO1, with down-regulation of N-cadherin and Vimentin; C: gradient dose of TGFβ-1 inducing EMT: quantity of mesenchymal-like cells were obtained in A549-Ctrl population after low dose (0.5 ng/mL) of TGFβ-1 inducing. Relative lower ratio of mesenchymal-like cells formed in A549-ENO1 population after high dose (2 ng/mL) of TGFβ-1 treatment.
ENO1对A549细胞运动和EMT的抑制作用。A:划痕实验:在划痕后第24 h、48 h和72 h连续观察,过表达ENO1的A549细胞划痕恢复能力明显下降(*t检验,P < 0.05)。图表纵坐标表示划痕宽度相对0 h时划痕宽度比,横坐标表示时间;B:Western blot结果显示,相对于A549-Ctrl,A549-ENO1细胞中,E-cadherin表达明显增加,N-cadherin和Vimentin表达量明显降低;C:梯度TGFβ-1诱导EMT实验:低剂量(0.5 ng/mL)处理A549-Ctrl细胞即可出现大量间质样细胞,而A549-ENO1细胞需要较高剂量(2 ng/mL)处理才能出现一定数量的间质样细胞。ENO1 inhibits A549 cell mobility and EMT process. A: Wound-healing assay: a continuous observation showed that over-expression of ENO1 resulted in limitation of A549 mobility (*t-test, P < 0.05). In the chart, Y-axis represents the relative wound width and X-axis represents time period; B: Western blot assay: compared to A549-Ctrl, E-cadherin up-regulated in A549-ENO1, with down-regulation of N-cadherin and Vimentin; C: gradient dose of TGFβ-1 inducing EMT: quantity of mesenchymal-like cells were obtained in A549-Ctrl population after low dose (0.5 ng/mL) of TGFβ-1 inducing. Relative lower ratio of mesenchymal-like cells formed in A549-ENO1 population after high dose (2 ng/mL) of TGFβ-1 treatment.
ENO1 suppresses ERK1/2 phosphorylation in A549. Western blot result showed: A: Compared to A549-Ctrl group, ERK1/2 phosphorylation was inhibited by ENO1 over-expression; B: ERK1/2 phosphorylation level of A549-ENO1 was still lower than that of control group after EGF treatment, whereas MEK1/2 phosphorylation was almost not affected by ENO1 over-expression.
ENO1抑制A549细胞ERK1/2的磷酸化。A:同对照组相比A549-ENO1细胞中ERK1/2磷酸化水平明显受限;B:20 ng/mL的EGF处理细胞,A549-ENO1的ERK1/2磷酸化水平仍然明显低于对照组细胞,而MEK1/2磷酸化活化几乎不受影响。ENO1 suppresses ERK1/2 phosphorylation in A549. Western blot result showed: A: Compared to A549-Ctrl group, ERK1/2 phosphorylation was inhibited by ENO1 over-expression; B: ERK1/2 phosphorylation level of A549-ENO1 was still lower than that of control group after EGF treatment, whereas MEK1/2 phosphorylation was almost not affected by ENO1 over-expression.
Wild type and point mutant ENO1 have the same effect. A: Sequence comparison: two point mutation ATG->CTG existed in mutant ENO1; B: Western blot assay: highly similar effect on E-cadherin, N-cadherin and p-ERK1/2 appeared after transient overexpression of wild type and mutant ENO1 in A549.
野生型和点突变ENO1具有相同作用。A:序列比对发现ENO1突变型存在两个ATG→CTG;B:Western blot检测显示出瞬时过表达野生型和突变型ENO1对E-cadherin、N-cadherin、p-ERK1/2变化影响是相似的。Wild type and point mutant ENO1 have the same effect. A: Sequence comparison: two point mutation ATG->CTG existed in mutant ENO1; B: Western blot assay: highly similar effect on E-cadherin, N-cadherin and p-ERK1/2 appeared after transient overexpression of wild type and mutant ENO1 in A549.
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