Coexistence of a congenital arteriovenous fistula of the left breast with a true aneurysm of the right internal mammary artery.

Arteriovenous fistulas (AVF) and true aneurysms are uncommon arterial vascular disorders of the breast. The etiology can be either acquired or congenital. Coexistence of a congenital AVF and true aneurysm of internal mammary artery (IMA) branches is a very rare condition. We present a case of congenital AVF and true aneurysm of the IMA in a woman, age 56 years. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first published case of the coexistence of a congenital AVF with a true aneurysm of the breast. The radiologic findings of these rare entities have been reviewed according to the literature.