Detection of potential suberinase-encoding genes in Streptomyces scabiei strains and other actinobacteria.

Streptomyces scabiei causes common scab, an economically important disease of potato tubers. Some authors have previously suggested that S. scabiei penetration into host plant tissue is facilitated by secretion of esterase enzymes degrading suberin, a lipidic biopolymer of the potato periderm. In the present study, S. scabiei EF-35 showed high esterase activity in suberin-containing media. This strain also exhibited esterase activity in the presence of other biopolymers, such as lignin, cutin, or xylan, but at a much lower level. In an attempt to identify the esterases involved in suberin degradation, translated open reading frames of S. scabiei 87-22 were examined for the presence of protein sequences corresponding to extracellular esterases of S. scabiei FL1 and of the fungus Coprinopsis cinerea VTT D-041011, which have previously been shown to be produced in the presence of suberin. Two putative extracellular suberinase genes, estA and sub1, were identified. The presence of these genes in several actinobacteria was investigated by Southern blot hybridization, and both genes were found in most common-scab-inducing strains. Moreover, reverse transcription - polymerase chain reaction performed with S. scabiei EF-35 showed that estA was expressed in the presence of various biopolymers, including suberin, whereas the sub1 gene appeared to be specifically expressed in the presence of suberin and cutin.