PURPOSE: Resistance exercise and amino acid availability are positive regulators of muscle protein net balance (NB). However, anabolic responses to resistance exercise and protein supplementation deserve further elucidation. The purpose was to compare intakes of whey, caseinate (both: 0.30 g/kg lean body mass), or a non-caloric control after heavy resistance exercise on protein turnover and mRNA expressions of forkhead homeobox type O (FOXO) isoforms, muscle RING finger 1 (MuRF1), and Atrogin1 in young healthy males. METHODS: Protein turnover was determined by stable isotope-labeled leucine and femoral arteriovenous blood samples at rest and during 6-h recovery. Muscle biopsies were collected at -60 min (rest) and at 60, 210, and 360 min in the recovery period. RESULTS: During recovery, leucine NB was significantly higher in the protein groups compared to control (P < 0.001). Differences in leucine NB, rate of disappearance, and oxidation were observed in the early recovery period between whey and caseinate. FOXO1A and MuRF1 were upregulated at 60 and 210 min, and, in contrast, FOXO3 and Atrogin1 were downregulated at 210 and 360 min. For leucine rate of appearance and all FOXO and atrogene mRNA expressions, no differences were observed between groups. CONCLUSIONS: Whey and caseinate were equally superior to control in the 6-h recovery period and displayed temporal differences with whey having a fast and superior effect in the early part of the recovery period. Effects on mRNA expressions indicate different regulatory mechanisms on the ubiquitin ligases MuRF1 and Atrogin1 in recovery from heavy resistance exercise.
PURPOSE: Resistance exercise and amino acid availability are positive regulators of muscle protein net balance (NB). However, anabolic responses to resistance exercise and protein supplementation deserve further elucidation. The purpose was to compare intakes of whey, caseinate (both: 0.30 g/kg lean body mass), or a non-caloric control after heavy resistance exercise on protein turnover and mRNA expressions of forkhead homeobox type O (FOXO) isoforms, muscle RING finger 1 (MuRF1), and Atrogin1 in young healthy males. METHODS: Protein turnover was determined by stable isotope-labeled leucine and femoral arteriovenous blood samples at rest and during 6-h recovery. Muscle biopsies were collected at -60 min (rest) and at 60, 210, and 360 min in the recovery period. RESULTS: During recovery, leucine NB was significantly higher in the protein groups compared to control (P < 0.001). Differences in leucine NB, rate of disappearance, and oxidation were observed in the early recovery period between whey and caseinate. FOXO1A and MuRF1 were upregulated at 60 and 210 min, and, in contrast, FOXO3 and Atrogin1 were downregulated at 210 and 360 min. For leucine rate of appearance and all FOXO and atrogene mRNA expressions, no differences were observed between groups. CONCLUSIONS: Whey and caseinate were equally superior to control in the 6-h recovery period and displayed temporal differences with whey having a fast and superior effect in the early part of the recovery period. Effects on mRNA expressions indicate different regulatory mechanisms on the ubiquitin ligases MuRF1 and Atrogin1 in recovery from heavy resistance exercise.
Authors: Kevin D Tipton; Elisabet Borsheim; Steven E Wolf; Arthur P Sanford; Robert R Wolfe Journal: Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab Date: 2002-09-11 Impact factor: 4.310
Authors: K J Dideriksen; S Reitelseder; S G Petersen; M Hjort; I C Helmark; M Kjaer; L Holm Journal: Scand J Med Sci Sports Date: 2011-04-28 Impact factor: 4.221
Authors: L Holm; S Reitelseder; T G Pedersen; S Doessing; S G Petersen; A Flyvbjerg; J L Andersen; P Aagaard; M Kjaer Journal: J Appl Physiol (1985) Date: 2008-09-11
Authors: Henrik Mascher; Jörgen Tannerstedt; Thibault Brink-Elfegoun; Björn Ekblom; Thomas Gustafsson; Eva Blomstrand Journal: Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab Date: 2007-10-30 Impact factor: 4.310
Authors: P T Reidy; D K Walker; J M Dickinson; D M Gundermann; M J Drummond; K L Timmerman; M B Cope; R Mukherjea; K Jennings; E Volpi; B B Rasmussen Journal: J Appl Physiol (1985) Date: 2014-04-03
Authors: Grith Højfeldt; Jacob Bülow; Jakob Agergaard; Lene R Simonsen; Jens Bülow; Peter Schjerling; Gerrit van Hall; Lars Holm Journal: Eur J Nutr Date: 2021-05-25 Impact factor: 5.614
Authors: Renae J Stefanetti; Evelyn Zacharewicz; Paul Della Gatta; Andrew Garnham; Aaron P Russell; Séverine Lamon Journal: Front Physiol Date: 2014-01-31 Impact factor: 4.566
Authors: Paul T Reidy; Michael S Borack; Melissa M Markofski; Jared M Dickinson; Rachel R Deer; Syed H Husaini; Dillon K Walker; Sherry Igbinigie; Shay M Robertson; Mark B Cope; Ratna Mukherjea; Janine M Hall-Porter; Kristofer Jennings; Elena Volpi; Blake B Rasmussen Journal: J Nutr Date: 2016-07-27 Impact factor: 4.798
Authors: Marcos Martin-Rincon; Alberto Pérez-López; David Morales-Alamo; Ismael Perez-Suarez; Pedro de Pablos-Velasco; Mario Perez-Valera; Sergio Perez-Regalado; Miriam Martinez-Canton; Miriam Gelabert-Rebato; Julian William Juan-Habib; Hans-Christer Holmberg; Jose A L Calbet Journal: Nutrients Date: 2019-11-19 Impact factor: 5.717