BACKGROUND: The association between sex hormones and blood pressure (BP) in women has been investigated mostly in cross-sectional studies yielding inconsistent results. METHODS: Data from 1428 women from the population-based Study of Health in Pomerania were used. Associations of total testosterone, androstenedione, sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), and free testosterone concentrations with BP and hypertension were analyzed in multivariable cross-sectional and longitudinal regression models in the full sample and stratified by menopausal status. RESULTS: A positive association between total testosterone and BP was revealed in the full sample [SBP: β per standard deviation (SD) increase: 3.22; pulse pressure (PP): β per SD increase: 2.30] and among postmenopausal women (DBP: β per SD increase: 3.33; SBP: β per SD increase: 7.11; PP: β per SD increase: 3.77). Longitudinal analyses also showed a positive association between baseline total testosterone and follow-up BP. Furthermore, low total testosterone concentrations were associated with a decreased risk of prevalent hypertension in all women [relative risk (RR) quartile 1 (Q1) vs. Q4, 0.79; 95% confidence interval, CI 0.67-0.94]. Low SHBG was associated with prevalent hypertension in postmenopausal women (RR 1.27; 95% CI 1.06-1.53) and with incident hypertension in the full sample (RR 1.73; 95% CI 1.10-2.75). CONCLUSION: The present population-based study is the first to show a consistent positive association between total testosterone and BP in both, cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses, suggesting high total testosterone as a risk marker of increased BP, as well as prevalent hypertension in women.
BACKGROUND: The association between sex hormones and blood pressure (BP) in women has been investigated mostly in cross-sectional studies yielding inconsistent results. METHODS: Data from 1428 women from the population-based Study of Health in Pomerania were used. Associations of total testosterone, androstenedione, sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), and free testosterone concentrations with BP and hypertension were analyzed in multivariable cross-sectional and longitudinal regression models in the full sample and stratified by menopausal status. RESULTS: A positive association between total testosterone and BP was revealed in the full sample [SBP: β per standard deviation (SD) increase: 3.22; pulse pressure (PP): β per SD increase: 2.30] and among postmenopausal women (DBP: β per SD increase: 3.33; SBP: β per SD increase: 7.11; PP: β per SD increase: 3.77). Longitudinal analyses also showed a positive association between baseline total testosterone and follow-up BP. Furthermore, low total testosterone concentrations were associated with a decreased risk of prevalent hypertension in all women [relative risk (RR) quartile 1 (Q1) vs. Q4, 0.79; 95% confidence interval, CI 0.67-0.94]. Low SHBG was associated with prevalent hypertension in postmenopausal women (RR 1.27; 95% CI 1.06-1.53) and with incident hypertension in the full sample (RR 1.73; 95% CI 1.10-2.75). CONCLUSION: The present population-based study is the first to show a consistent positive association between total testosterone and BP in both, cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses, suggesting high total testosterone as a risk marker of increased BP, as well as prevalent hypertension in women.
Authors: Hong Ji Song; Yu Jin Paek; Min Kyu Choi; Ki-Bong Yoo; Jae-Heon Kang; Hae-Jeung Lee Journal: Int J Public Health Date: 2016-07-23 Impact factor: 3.380
Authors: John Henry Dasinger; Suttira Intapad; Benjamin R Rudsenske; Gwendolyn K Davis; Ashley D Newsome; Barbara T Alexander Journal: Hypertension Date: 2016-04-25 Impact factor: 10.190
Authors: Hans J Grabe; Heinrich Assel; Thomas Bahls; Marcus Dörr; Karlhans Endlich; Nicole Endlich; Pia Erdmann; Ralf Ewert; Stephan B Felix; Beate Fiene; Tobias Fischer; Steffen Flessa; Nele Friedrich; Mariacarla Gadebusch-Bondio; Manuela Gesell Salazar; Elke Hammer; Robin Haring; Christoph Havemann; Michael Hecker; Wolfgang Hoffmann; Birte Holtfreter; Tim Kacprowski; Kathleen Klein; Thomas Kocher; Holger Kock; Janina Krafczyk; Jana Kuhn; Martin Langanke; Uwe Lendeckel; Markus M Lerch; Wolfgang Lieb; Roberto Lorbeer; Julia Mayerle; Konrad Meissner; Henriette Meyer zu Schwabedissen; Matthias Nauck; Konrad Ott; Wolfgang Rathmann; Rainer Rettig; Claudia Richardt; Karen Saljé; Ulf Schminke; Andrea Schulz; Matthias Schwab; Werner Siegmund; Sylvia Stracke; Karsten Suhre; Marius Ueffing; Saskia Ungerer; Uwe Völker; Henry Völzke; Henri Wallaschofski; Vivian Werner; Marek T Zygmunt; Heyo K Kroemer Journal: J Transl Med Date: 2014-05-23 Impact factor: 5.531