BACKGROUND: Smoking impairs mucociliary clearance and increases respiratory infection frequency and severity in subjects with and without smoking-related chronic lung diseases. OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated the effects of smoking intensity on mucociliary clearance in active smokers. METHODS: Seventy-five active smokers were grouped into light (1-10 cigarettes/day; n = 14), moderate (11-20 cigarettes/day; n = 34) and heavy smokers (≥21 cigarettes/day; n = 27) before starting a smoking cessation programme. Smoking behaviour, nicotine dependence, pulmonary function, carbon monoxide in exhaled air (exCO), carboxyhaemoglobin (COHb) and mucociliary clearance measured by the saccharin transit time (STT) test were all evaluated. An age-matched non-smoker group (n = 24) was assessed using the same tests. RESULTS: Moderate (49 ± 7 years) and heavy smokers (46 ± 8 years) had higher STT (p = 0.0001), exCO (p < 0.0001) and COHb (p < 0.0001) levels compared with light smokers (51 ± 15 years) and non-smokers (50 ± 11 years). A positive correlation was observed between STT and exCO (r = 0.4; p < 0.0001), STT and cigarettes/day (r = 0.3, p = 0.02) and exCO and cigarettes/day (r = 0.3, p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Smoking impairs mucociliary clearance and is associated with cigarette smoking intensity.
BACKGROUND: Smoking impairs mucociliary clearance and increases respiratory infection frequency and severity in subjects with and without smoking-related chronic lung diseases. OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated the effects of smoking intensity on mucociliary clearance in active smokers. METHODS: Seventy-five active smokers were grouped into light (1-10 cigarettes/day; n = 14), moderate (11-20 cigarettes/day; n = 34) and heavy smokers (≥21 cigarettes/day; n = 27) before starting a smoking cessation programme. Smoking behaviour, nicotine dependence, pulmonary function, carbon monoxide in exhaled air (exCO), carboxyhaemoglobin (COHb) and mucociliary clearance measured by the saccharin transit time (STT) test were all evaluated. An age-matched non-smoker group (n = 24) was assessed using the same tests. RESULTS: Moderate (49 ± 7 years) and heavy smokers (46 ± 8 years) had higher STT (p = 0.0001), exCO (p < 0.0001) and COHb (p < 0.0001) levels compared with light smokers (51 ± 15 years) and non-smokers (50 ± 11 years). A positive correlation was observed between STT and exCO (r = 0.4; p < 0.0001), STT and cigarettes/day (r = 0.3, p = 0.02) and exCO and cigarettes/day (r = 0.3, p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Smoking impairs mucociliary clearance and is associated with cigarette smoking intensity.
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Authors: Tsuguhisa Nakayama; Ivan T Lee; Sizun Jiang; Matthias S Matter; Carol H Yan; Jonathan B Overdevest; Chien-Ting Wu; Yury Goltsev; Liang-Chun Shih; Chun-Kang Liao; Bokai Zhu; Yunhao Bai; Peter Lidsky; Yinghong Xiao; David Zarabanda; Angela Yang; Meena Easwaran; Christian M Schürch; Pauline Chu; Han Chen; Anna K Stalder; David R McIlwain; Nicole A Borchard; Phillip A Gall; Sachi S Dholakia; Wei Le; Le Xu; Chih-Jaan Tai; Te-Huei Yeh; Elizabeth Erickson-Direnzo; Jason M Duran; Kirsten D Mertz; Peter H Hwang; Jasmin D Haslbauer; Peter K Jackson; Thomas Menter; Raul Andino; Peter D Canoll; Adam S DeConde; Zara M Patel; Alexandar Tzankov; Garry P Nolan; Jayakar V Nayak Journal: Cell Rep Med Date: 2021-09-28