The opposite effect of isotype-selective monoamine oxidase inhibitors on adipogenesis in human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.

Adiponectin production during adipocyte differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBM-MSCs) can be used to evaluate the pharmacological activity of anti-diabetic drugs to improve insulin sensitivity. Monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors such as phenelzine and pargyline inhibit adipogenesis in murine pre-adipocytes. In this study, however, we found that selective MAO-A inhibitors, moclobemide and Ro41-1049, and a selective MAO-B inhibitor, selegiline, promoted adiponectin production during adipocyte differentiation in hBM-MSCs, which suggested the anti-diabetic potential of these drugs. In contrast, non-selective MAO inhibitors, phenelzine and tranylcypromine, inhibited adipocyte differentiation of hBM-MSCs. Concomitant treatments of MAO-A and MAO-B selective inhibitors did not change the stimulatory effect on adiponectin production in hBM-MSCs. Taken together, the opposite effects of isotype-selective MAO inhibitors on adiponectin production during adipogenesis in hBM-MSCs may not be directly associated with the inhibitory effects of MAO, suggested that the structure of MAO inhibitors may contain a novel anti-diabetic pharmacophore.