Maurice W Dysken1, Peter D Guarino2, Julia E Vertrees3, Sanjay Asthana4, Mary Sano5, Maria Llorente6, Muralidhar Pallaki7, Susan Love8, Gerard D Schellenberg9, J Riley McCarten8, Julie Malphurs10, Susana Prieto10, Peijun Chen7, David J Loreck11, Sara Carney12, George Trapp13, Rajbir S Bakshi13, Jacobo E Mintzer14, Judith L Heidebrink15, Ana Vidal-Cardona16, Lillian M Arroyo16, Angel R Cruz17, Neil W Kowall18, Mohit P Chopra18, Suzanne Craft19, Stephen Thielke19, Carolyn L Turvey20, Catherine Woodman20, Kimberly A Monnell21, Kimberly Gordon21, Julie Tomaska8, Govind Vatassery8. 1. VA Minneapolis Health Care System, Minneapolis, MN, USA. Electronic address: maurice.dysken@va.gov. 2. Cooperative Studies Program Coordinating Center, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA. 3. VA Cooperative Studies Program Clinical Research Pharmacy Coordinating Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA. 4. William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA. 5. Bronx Veterans Medical Research Center, New York, NY, USA. 6. VAMC, Washington, DC, USA. 7. Louis Stokes Cleveland VAMC, Cleveland, OH, USA. 8. VA Minneapolis Health Care System, Minneapolis, MN, USA. 9. University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. 10. VA Miami Healthcare System, Miami, FL, USA. 11. VA Maryland Healthcare System, University of Maryland Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, Baltimore, MD, USA. 12. VA Maryland Healthcare System, Baltimore, MD, USA. 13. VA North Texas Healthcare System, Dallas, TX, USA. 14. Ralph H. Johnson VAMC, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA. 15. VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. 16. VA Caribbean Healthcare System, San Juan, PR. 17. Bay Pines VA Healthcare System, Bay Pines, FL, USA. 18. VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA. 19. VA Puget Sound Healthcare System, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA. 20. Iowa City VAMC, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA. 21. W.G. (Bill) Hefner VAMC, Salisbury, NC, USA.
Abstract
BACKGROUND:Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been associated with both oxidative stress and excessive glutamate activity. A clinical trial was designed to compare the effectiveness of (i) alpha-tocopherol, a vitamin E antioxidant; (ii) memantine (Namenda), an N-methyl-D-aspartate antagonist; (iii) their combination; and (iv) placebo in delaying clinical progression in AD. METHODS: The Veterans Affairs Cooperative Studies Program initiated a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in August 2007, with enrollment through March 2012 and follow-up continuing through September 2012. Participants with mild-to-moderate AD who were taking an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor were assigned randomly to 2000 IU/day of alpha-tocopherol, 20 mg/day memantine, 2000 IU/day alpha-tocopherol plus 20 mg/day memantine, or placebo. The primary outcome for the study is the Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study/Activities of Daily Living Inventory. Secondary outcome measures include the Mini-Mental State Examination; the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale, cognitive portion; the Dependence Scale; the Neuropsychiatric Inventory; and the Caregiver Activity Survey. Patient follow-up ranged from 6 months to 4 years. RESULTS: A total of 613 participants were randomized. The majority of the patients were male (97%) and white (86%), with a mean age of 79 years. The mean Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study/Activities of Daily Living Inventory score at entry was 57 and the mean Mini-Mental State Examination score at entry was 21. CONCLUSION: This large multicenter trial will address the unanswered question of the long-term safety and effectiveness of alpha-tocopherol, memantine, and their combination in patients with mild-to-moderate AD taking an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor. The results are expected in early 2013. Published by Elsevier Inc.
RCT Entities:
BACKGROUND:Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been associated with both oxidative stress and excessive glutamate activity. A clinical trial was designed to compare the effectiveness of (i) alpha-tocopherol, a vitamin E antioxidant; (ii) memantine (Namenda), an N-methyl-D-aspartate antagonist; (iii) their combination; and (iv) placebo in delaying clinical progression in AD. METHODS: The Veterans Affairs Cooperative Studies Program initiated a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in August 2007, with enrollment through March 2012 and follow-up continuing through September 2012. Participants with mild-to-moderate AD who were taking an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor were assigned randomly to 2000 IU/day of alpha-tocopherol, 20 mg/day memantine, 2000 IU/day alpha-tocopherol plus 20 mg/day memantine, or placebo. The primary outcome for the study is the Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study/Activities of Daily Living Inventory. Secondary outcome measures include the Mini-Mental State Examination; the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale, cognitive portion; the Dependence Scale; the Neuropsychiatric Inventory; and the Caregiver Activity Survey. Patient follow-up ranged from 6 months to 4 years. RESULTS: A total of 613 participants were randomized. The majority of the patients were male (97%) and white (86%), with a mean age of 79 years. The mean Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study/Activities of Daily Living Inventory score at entry was 57 and the mean Mini-Mental State Examination score at entry was 21. CONCLUSION: This large multicenter trial will address the unanswered question of the long-term safety and effectiveness of alpha-tocopherol, memantine, and their combination in patients with mild-to-moderate AD taking an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor. The results are expected in early 2013. Published by Elsevier Inc.
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Authors: Peter D Guarino; Julia E Vertrees; Sanjay Asthana; Mary Sano; Maria D Llorente; Muralidhar Pallaki; Susan Love; Gerard D Schellenberg; Maurice W Dysken Journal: Alzheimers Dement (N Y) Date: 2016-09-20
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