Postoperative imaging after lung transplantation.

Lung transplantation (LT) is an established procedure for chronic end-stage lung diseases. Complications are frequent and diverse and are the consequence of the complex surgical technique, the severity of the initial pathology, and the deep state of posttransplantation immunosuppression. Complications following LT include primary graft dysfunction, rejection (hyperacute, acute, and chronic), infections, posttransplantation lymphoproliferative disease, pleural and airway complications, native lung complications, and recurrence of primary disease. An understanding of these complications, their temporal evolution, and the role of radiology and other diagnostic methods in their diagnosis and management will help reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with LT.