Changes in vascular hemodynamics in older women following 16 weeks of combined aerobic and resistance training.

The purpose of this study was to determine whether combined (aerobic and anaerobic) training decreases blood pressure (BP) and improves vascular properties. Seventy-nine postmenopausal women were randomly assigned to 3 groups that trained at different frequencies. Maximum oxygen uptake, body composition, BP, and arterial elasticity were evaluated prior to training and after 16 weeks of training. There was a significant time effect (decrease) for resting systolic BP (SBP) and rate pressure product. Exercise SBP, diastolic BP (DBP), heart rate, and RPP also decreased. Changes in total vascular impedance were related to SBP and changes in systemic vascular resistance were related to changes in DBP independent of body composition changes. Our findings suggest that combined training reduces SBP and improves vascular properties and that combined training 1 d/wk decreases BP similar to more frequent combined training. Training-induced changes in arterial resistance and impedance may be involved in inducing changes in BP.