Rapid development of aneurysmal formation after successful endovascular treatment of chronic total occlusion of a persistent sciatic artery.

Persistent sciatic artery (PSA) is a rare congenital anomaly that is frequently complicated by atherosclerotic changes, such as occlusion and aneurysmal formation. This report describes a case of a chronic total occlusion (CTO) of a unilateral, complete-type PSA in the right thigh of a 74-year-old woman that was treated successfully with endovascular angioplasty and stent placement. Within 3 months, however, a PSA aneurysm developed in the gluteal region. This aneurysm was repaired endovascularly through placement of a stent graft. To the authors' knowledge, rapid formation of a PSA aneurysm and successful endovascular treatment of both CTO of a PSA and of a PSA aneurysm have not been reported previously.