BACKGROUND: Carotid and coronary atherosclerosis are associated with each other in imaging and autopsy studies. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether carotid artery plaque seen on carotid ultrasound can predict incident coronary artery calcification (CAC). METHODS: Agatston calcium score measurements were repeated in 5,445 participants of the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA; mean age, 57.9 years; 62.9% women). Internal carotid artery lesions were graded as 0%, 1% to 24%, or >25% diameter narrowing, and intima-media thickness (IMT) was measured. Plaque was present for any stenosis >0%. CAC progression was evaluated with multivariate relative risk regression for CAC scores of 0 at baseline and with multivariate linear regression for CAC score > 0, adjusting for cardiovascular risk factors, body mass index, ethnicity, and common carotid IMT. RESULTS: CAC was positive at baseline in 2,708 of 5,445 participants (49.7%) and became positive in 458 of 2,837 (16.1%) at a mean interval of 2.4 years between repeat examinations. Plaque and internal carotid artery IMT were both strongly associated with the presence of CAC. After statistical adjustment, the presence of carotid artery plaque significantly predicted incident CAC with a relative risk of 1.37 (95% confidence interval, 1.12-1.67). Incident CAC was associated with internal carotid artery IMT, with a relative risk of 1.13 (95% confidence interval, 1.03-1.25) for each 1-mm increase. Progression of CAC was also significantly associated (P < .001) with plaque and internal carotid artery IMT. CONCLUSIONS: In individuals free of cardiovascular disease, subjective and quantitative measures of carotid artery plaques by ultrasound imaging are associated with CAC incidence and progression.
BACKGROUND: Carotid and coronary atherosclerosis are associated with each other in imaging and autopsy studies. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether carotid artery plaque seen on carotid ultrasound can predict incident coronary artery calcification (CAC). METHODS: Agatston calcium score measurements were repeated in 5,445 participants of the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA; mean age, 57.9 years; 62.9% women). Internal carotid artery lesions were graded as 0%, 1% to 24%, or >25% diameter narrowing, and intima-media thickness (IMT) was measured. Plaque was present for any stenosis >0%. CAC progression was evaluated with multivariate relative risk regression for CAC scores of 0 at baseline and with multivariate linear regression for CAC score > 0, adjusting for cardiovascular risk factors, body mass index, ethnicity, and common carotid IMT. RESULTS: CAC was positive at baseline in 2,708 of 5,445 participants (49.7%) and became positive in 458 of 2,837 (16.1%) at a mean interval of 2.4 years between repeat examinations. Plaque and internal carotid artery IMT were both strongly associated with the presence of CAC. After statistical adjustment, the presence of carotid artery plaque significantly predicted incident CAC with a relative risk of 1.37 (95% confidence interval, 1.12-1.67). Incident CAC was associated with internal carotid artery IMT, with a relative risk of 1.13 (95% confidence interval, 1.03-1.25) for each 1-mm increase. Progression of CAC was also significantly associated (P < .001) with plaque and internal carotid artery IMT. CONCLUSIONS: In individuals free of cardiovascular disease, subjective and quantitative measures of carotid artery plaques by ultrasound imaging are associated with CAC incidence and progression.
Authors: J David Spence; Michael Eliasziw; Maria DiCicco; Daniel G Hackam; Ramzy Galil; Tara Lohmann Journal: Stroke Date: 2002-12 Impact factor: 7.914
Authors: Saul Genuth; K G M M Alberti; Peter Bennett; John Buse; Ralph Defronzo; Richard Kahn; John Kitzmiller; William C Knowler; Harold Lebovitz; Ake Lernmark; David Nathan; Jerry Palmer; Robert Rizza; Christopher Saudek; Jonathan Shaw; Michael Steffes; Michael Stern; Jaako Tuomilehto; Paul Zimmet Journal: Diabetes Care Date: 2003-11 Impact factor: 19.112
Authors: Edward G Grant; Carol B Benson; Gregory L Moneta; Andrei V Alexandrov; J Dennis Baker; Edward I Bluth; Barbara A Carroll; Michael Eliasziw; John Gocke; Barbara S Hertzberg; Sandra Katanick; Laurence Needleman; John Pellerito; Joseph F Polak; Kenneth S Rholl; Douglas L Wooster; R Eugene Zierler Journal: Radiology Date: 2003-09-18 Impact factor: 11.105
Authors: T E Craven; J E Ryu; M A Espeland; F R Kahl; W M McKinney; J F Toole; M R McMahan; C J Thompson; G Heiss; J R Crouse Journal: Circulation Date: 1990-10 Impact factor: 29.690
Authors: H C Stary; A B Chandler; R E Dinsmore; V Fuster; S Glagov; W Insull; M E Rosenfeld; C J Schwartz; W D Wagner; R W Wissler Journal: Circulation Date: 1995-09-01 Impact factor: 29.690
Authors: Christopher T Sibley; Tyra Estwick; Anna Zavodni; Chiung-Yu Huang; Alan C Kwan; Benjamin P Soule; Debra A Long Priel; Alan T Remaley; Amanda K Rudman Spergel; Evrim B Turkbey; Douglas B Kuhns; Steven M Holland; Harry L Malech; Kol A Zarember; David A Bluemke; John I Gallin Journal: Circulation Date: 2014-09-19 Impact factor: 29.690
Authors: Ana Claudia Gomes Pereira Petisco; Jorge Eduardo Assef; Carlos Alberto de Jesus; Mohamed Hassan Saleh; Jose Eduardo Martins Barbosa; David Costa de Souza Le Bihan; Ibraim Masciarelli França Pinto; Simone Rolim Fernandes Fontes Pedra; Rodrigo Bellio de Mattos Barretto; Amanda Guerra de Moraes Rego Sousa Journal: Int J Cardiovasc Imaging Date: 2016-10-20 Impact factor: 2.357
Authors: Otto A Sanchez; Daniel A Duprez; Hossein Bahrami; Lori B Daniels; Aaron R Folsom; Joao A Lima; Alan Maisel; Carmen A Peralta; David R Jacobs Journal: Metabolism Date: 2013-11-27 Impact factor: 8.694
Authors: Shufeng Chen; Jue Lin; Tet Matsuguchi; Elizabeth Blackburn; Fawn Yeh; Lyle G Best; Richard B Devereux; Elisa T Lee; Barbara V Howard; Mary J Roman; Jinying Zhao Journal: Aging (Albany NY) Date: 2014-05 Impact factor: 5.682
Authors: Dimitry A Chistiakov; Veronika A Myasoedova; Alexandra A Melnichenko; Andrey V Grechko; Alexander N Orekhov Journal: Biomed Res Int Date: 2017-11-07 Impact factor: 3.411
Authors: Bin Yan; Liyuan Peng; Donggang Han; Lu Sun; Quan Dong; Pengtao Yang; Fengwei Zheng; HeanYee Ong; Lingfang Zeng; Gang Wang Journal: Medicine (Baltimore) Date: 2015-03 Impact factor: 1.889
Authors: Deborah L Jones; Violeta J Rodriguez; Maria L Alcaide; Nicole Barylski; Digna Cabral; Tatjana Rundek; Stephen M Weiss; Mahendra Kumar Journal: South Med J Date: 2017-11 Impact factor: 0.954