AIMS: To explore the causal effect of long-term alcohol consumption on coronary heart disease risk factors. METHODS AND RESULTS: We used variants in ADH1B and ADH1C genes as instrumental variables (IV) to estimate the causal effect of long-term alcohol consumption on body mass index (BMI), blood pressure (BP), lipids, fibrinogen, and glucose. Analyses were undertaken in 54 604 Danes (mean age 56 years). Both confounder-adjusted multivariable and IV analyses suggested that a greater alcohol consumption among those who drank any alcohol resulted in a higher BP [mean difference in SBP per doubling of alcohol consumption among drinkers: 0.76 mmHg (95% CI: 0.63, 0.90) from multivariable analyses and 0.94 mmHg (-3.03, 4.69) from IV analyses; P-value for difference in these results = 0.95]. The positive association of alcohol with HDLc in the multivariable analyses [4.9% (4.7, 5.1)] appeared stronger than in the IV analyses [1.5% (-4.5, 7.4)], and the weak inverse association with fibrinogen in the multivariable analysis [-2.0% (-2.1, -1.8)] was not present in the IV analyses [0.6% (-3.8, 5.0)], but statistically the results for both of these could not be reliably distinguished from each other (P-values 0.21 and 0.32, respectively). The weak inverse association of alcohol with BMI [-0.13 kg/m(2) (-0.16, -0.10)] and with triglycerides [-0.4% (-0.7, 0.4)] in multivariable analyses were in contrast to the strong positive association of alcohol with BMI [1.37 kg/m(2) (0.59, 2.15)] and the strong inverse association with triglycerides [-14.9% (-25.6, -4.3)] in IV analyses; P = 0.006 and 0.01, respectively, for difference between the two. Alcohol was not associated with non-HDLc or glucose. CONCLUSION: Our results show adverse effects of long-term alcohol consumption on BP and BMI. We also found novel evidence for a potentially beneficial effect on triglyceride levels, which needs further replication.
AIMS: To explore the causal effect of long-term alcohol consumption on coronary heart disease risk factors. METHODS AND RESULTS: We used variants in ADH1B and ADH1C genes as instrumental variables (IV) to estimate the causal effect of long-term alcohol consumption on body mass index (BMI), blood pressure (BP), lipids, fibrinogen, and glucose. Analyses were undertaken in 54 604 Danes (mean age 56 years). Both confounder-adjusted multivariable and IV analyses suggested that a greater alcohol consumption among those who drank any alcohol resulted in a higher BP [mean difference in SBP per doubling of alcohol consumption among drinkers: 0.76 mmHg (95% CI: 0.63, 0.90) from multivariable analyses and 0.94 mmHg (-3.03, 4.69) from IV analyses; P-value for difference in these results = 0.95]. The positive association of alcohol with HDLc in the multivariable analyses [4.9% (4.7, 5.1)] appeared stronger than in the IV analyses [1.5% (-4.5, 7.4)], and the weak inverse association with fibrinogen in the multivariable analysis [-2.0% (-2.1, -1.8)] was not present in the IV analyses [0.6% (-3.8, 5.0)], but statistically the results for both of these could not be reliably distinguished from each other (P-values 0.21 and 0.32, respectively). The weak inverse association of alcohol with BMI [-0.13 kg/m(2) (-0.16, -0.10)] and with triglycerides [-0.4% (-0.7, 0.4)] in multivariable analyses were in contrast to the strong positive association of alcohol with BMI [1.37 kg/m(2) (0.59, 2.15)] and the strong inverse association with triglycerides [-14.9% (-25.6, -4.3)] in IV analyses; P = 0.006 and 0.01, respectively, for difference between the two. Alcohol was not associated with non-HDLc or glucose. CONCLUSION: Our results show adverse effects of long-term alcohol consumption on BP and BMI. We also found novel evidence for a potentially beneficial effect on triglyceride levels, which needs further replication.
Authors: Meena Kumari; Michael V Holmes; Caroline E Dale; Jaroslav A Hubacek; Tom M Palmer; Hynek Pikhart; Anne Peasey; Annie Britton; Pia Horvat; Ruzena Kubinova; Sofia Malyutina; Andrzej Pajak; Abdonas Tamosiunas; Aparna Shankar; Archana Singh-Manoux; Mikhail Voevoda; Mika Kivimaki; Aroon D Hingorani; Michael G Marmot; Juan P Casas; Martin Bobak Journal: Addiction Date: 2014-07-01 Impact factor: 6.526
Authors: Luisa Zuccolo; Sarah J Lewis; George Davey Smith; Kapil Sayal; Elizabeth S Draper; Robert Fraser; Margaret Barrow; Rosa Alati; Sue Ring; John Macleod; Jean Golding; Jon Heron; Ron Gray Journal: Int J Epidemiol Date: 2013-09-24 Impact factor: 7.196
Authors: Michael V Holmes; Caroline E Dale; Luisa Zuccolo; Richard J Silverwood; Yiran Guo; Zheng Ye; David Prieto-Merino; Abbas Dehghan; Stella Trompet; Andrew Wong; Alana Cavadino; Dagmar Drogan; Sandosh Padmanabhan; Shanshan Li; Ajay Yesupriya; Maarten Leusink; Johan Sundstrom; Jaroslav A Hubacek; Hynek Pikhart; Daniel I Swerdlow; Andrie G Panayiotou; Svetlana A Borinskaya; Chris Finan; Sonia Shah; Karoline B Kuchenbaecker; Tina Shah; Jorgen Engmann; Lasse Folkersen; Per Eriksson; Fulvio Ricceri; Olle Melander; Carlotta Sacerdote; Dale M Gamble; Sruti Rayaprolu; Owen A Ross; Stela McLachlan; Olga Vikhireva; Ivonne Sluijs; Robert A Scott; Vera Adamkova; Leon Flicker; Frank M van Bockxmeer; Christine Power; Pedro Marques-Vidal; Tom Meade; Michael G Marmot; Jose M Ferro; Sofia Paulos-Pinheiro; Steve E Humphries; Philippa J Talmud; Irene Mateo Leach; Niek Verweij; Allan Linneberg; Tea Skaaby; Pieter A Doevendans; Maarten J Cramer; Pim van der Harst; Olaf H Klungel; Nicole F Dowling; Anna F Dominiczak; Meena Kumari; Andrew N Nicolaides; Cornelia Weikert; Heiner Boeing; Shah Ebrahim; Tom R Gaunt; Jackie F Price; Lars Lannfelt; Anne Peasey; Ruzena Kubinova; Andrzej Pajak; Sofia Malyutina; Mikhail I Voevoda; Abdonas Tamosiunas; Anke H Maitland-van der Zee; Paul E Norman; Graeme J Hankey; Manuela M Bergmann; Albert Hofman; Oscar H Franco; Jackie Cooper; Jutta Palmen; Wilko Spiering; Pim A de Jong; Diana Kuh; Rebecca Hardy; Andre G Uitterlinden; M Arfan Ikram; Ian Ford; Elina Hyppönen; Osvaldo P Almeida; Nicholas J Wareham; Kay-Tee Khaw; Anders Hamsten; Lise Lotte N Husemoen; Anne Tjønneland; Janne S Tolstrup; Eric Rimm; Joline W J Beulens; W M Monique Verschuren; N Charlotte Onland-Moret; Marten H Hofker; S Goya Wannamethee; Peter H Whincup; Richard Morris; Astrid M Vicente; Hugh Watkins; Martin Farrall; J Wouter Jukema; James Meschia; L Adrienne Cupples; Stephen J Sharp; Myriam Fornage; Charles Kooperberg; Andrea Z LaCroix; James Y Dai; Matthew B Lanktree; David S Siscovick; Eric Jorgenson; Bonnie Spring; Josef Coresh; Yun R Li; Sarah G Buxbaum; Pamela J Schreiner; R Curtis Ellison; Michael Y Tsai; Sanjay R Patel; Susan Redline; Andrew D Johnson; Ron C Hoogeveen; Hakon Hakonarson; Jerome I Rotter; Eric Boerwinkle; Paul I W de Bakker; Mika Kivimaki; Folkert W Asselbergs; Naveed Sattar; Debbie A Lawlor; John Whittaker; George Davey Smith; Kenneth Mukamal; Bruce M Psaty; James G Wilson; Leslie A Lange; Ajna Hamidovic; Aroon D Hingorani; Børge G Nordestgaard; Martin Bobak; David A Leon; Claudia Langenberg; Tom M Palmer; Alex P Reiner; Brendan J Keating; Frank Dudbridge; Juan P Casas Journal: BMJ Date: 2014-07-10
Authors: Debbie A Lawlor; Marianne Benn; Luisa Zuccolo; N Maneka G De Silva; Anne Tybjaerg-Hansen; George Davey Smith; Børge G Nordestgaard Journal: PLoS One Date: 2014-12-15 Impact factor: 3.240