Heat shock proteins 27, 40, and 70 as combinational and dual therapeutic cancer targets.

The heat shock proteins are essential players in the development of cancer and they are prime therapeutic targets. Targeting multiple hsps in dual therapies decreases the likelihood of drug resistance compared to utilizing mono-therapies. Further, employing an hsp inhibitor in combination with another therapy has proven clinically successful. Examples of efficacious strategies include the inhibition of hsp27, which prevents protein aggregation, controlling hsp40's role as an ATPase modulator, and inhibiting hsp70 from acting as a molecular chaperone. While hsp40 therapies are just in the beginning stages, hsp27 and hsp70 therapies have been successfully used in dual inhibition treatments with hsp90 inhibitors and in combinational therapy with antineoplastic drugs. Both dual and combinatorial therapies show encouraging results when used in treating chemotherapeutically resistant diseases.