Surgical and endovascular treatment of occlusive aortic syndromes.

Aortic occlusive syndromes encompass a wide variety of aortic and aortoiliac conditions that present with devastating clinical sequale of hypertension coupled with visceral and lower limb ischemia. Clinical presentations, natural history, etio-pathology, diagnosis, management and outcomes of each of these disorders is unique. Risk factor management, endovascular intervention, and/or surgical revascularization compete and complement each other in an exciting manner to give best long-term outcomes. Common causes of aortic occlusion include: 1) atherosclerotic occlusive disease, including aortoiliac occlusive diseases (AIOD); acute aortic occlusion (embolic/thrombotic/dissection; 2) mid aortic syndrome: Takayasu arteritis; congenital aortic hypoplasia; fibromuscular dysplasia; neurofibromatosis; 3) coral reef aorta.