Clinical features, diagnostic criteria and pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus.

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder of glucose homeostasis and associated with long-term vascular complications leading to morbidity and mortality. It is the fastest growing non-communicable disease throughout the world. The pathophysiology of diabetes is complex and multifactorial. Understanding pathological mechanisms of disease can help clinicians to identify and treat the factors involved effectively, and design preventive strategies so as to halt the pandemic of this deadly disorder.