OBJECTIVE: To elucidate the mechanisms of improvement/reversal of type 2 diabetes after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). METHODS: Fourteen morbidly obese subjects, 7 with normal glucose tolerance and 7 with type 2 diabetes, were studied before and 1 month after RYGB by euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp (EHC), by intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) and by oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in 3 different sessions. Intravenous glucose tolerance test IVGTT and OGTT insulin secretion rate (ISR) and sensitivity were obtained by the minimal model. Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) were measured. Six healthy volunteers were used as controls. RESULTS: Total ISR largely increased in diabetic subjects only when glucose was administered orally (37.8 ± 14.9 vs 68.3 ± 22.8 nmol; P < 0.05, preoperatively vs postoperatively). The first-phase insulin secretion was restored in type 2 diabetic after the IVGTT (Φ1 × 10: 104 ± 54 vs 228 ± 88; P < 0.05, preoperatively vs postoperatively; 242 ± 99 in controls). Insulin sensitivity by EHC (M × 10) was slightly but significantly improved in both normotolerant and diabetic subjects (1.46 ± 0.22 vs 1.37 ± 0.55 mmol·min·kg; P < 0.05 and 1.53 ± 0.23 vs 1.28 ± 0.62 mmol·min·kg; P < 0.05, respectively). Quantitative insulin sensitivity check index was improved in all normotolerant (0.32 ± 0.02 vs 0.30 ± 0.02; P < 0.05) and diabetic subjects (0.33 ± 0.03 vs 0.31 ± 0.02; P < 0.05). GIP and GLP-1 levels increased both at fast and after OGTT mainly in type 2 diabetic subjects. CONCLUSIONS: The large increase of ISR response to the OGTT together with the restoration of the first-phase insulin secretion in diabetic subjects might explain the reversal of type 2 diabetes after RYGB. The large incretin secretion after the oral glucose load might contribute to the increased ISR.
OBJECTIVE: To elucidate the mechanisms of improvement/reversal of type 2 diabetes after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). METHODS: Fourteen morbidly obese subjects, 7 with normal glucose tolerance and 7 with type 2 diabetes, were studied before and 1 month after RYGB by euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp (EHC), by intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) and by oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in 3 different sessions. Intravenous glucose tolerance test IVGTT and OGTT insulin secretion rate (ISR) and sensitivity were obtained by the minimal model. Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) were measured. Six healthy volunteers were used as controls. RESULTS: Total ISR largely increased in diabetic subjects only when glucose was administered orally (37.8 ± 14.9 vs 68.3 ± 22.8 nmol; P < 0.05, preoperatively vs postoperatively). The first-phase insulin secretion was restored in type 2 diabetic after the IVGTT (Φ1 × 10: 104 ± 54 vs 228 ± 88; P < 0.05, preoperatively vs postoperatively; 242 ± 99 in controls). Insulin sensitivity by EHC (M × 10) was slightly but significantly improved in both normotolerant and diabetic subjects (1.46 ± 0.22 vs 1.37 ± 0.55 mmol·min·kg; P < 0.05 and 1.53 ± 0.23 vs 1.28 ± 0.62 mmol·min·kg; P < 0.05, respectively). Quantitative insulin sensitivity check index was improved in all normotolerant (0.32 ± 0.02 vs 0.30 ± 0.02; P < 0.05) and diabetic subjects (0.33 ± 0.03 vs 0.31 ± 0.02; P < 0.05). GIP and GLP-1 levels increased both at fast and after OGTT mainly in type 2 diabetic subjects. CONCLUSIONS: The large increase of ISR response to the OGTT together with the restoration of the first-phase insulin secretion in diabetic subjects might explain the reversal of type 2 diabetes after RYGB. The large incretin secretion after the oral glucose load might contribute to the increased ISR.
Authors: Marlena M Holter; Roxanne Dutia; Sarah M Stano; Ronald L Prigeon; Peter Homel; James J McGinty; Scott J Belsley; Christine J Ren; Daniel Rosen; Blandine Laferrère Journal: Diabetes Care Date: 2016-11-08 Impact factor: 19.112
Authors: Carsten Dirksen; Kirstine N Bojsen-Møller; Nils B Jørgensen; Siv H Jacobsen; Viggo B Kristiansen; Lars S Naver; Dorte L Hansen; Dorte Worm; Jens J Holst; Sten Madsbad Journal: Diabetologia Date: 2013-09-19 Impact factor: 10.122
Authors: Thomas H Inge; Ronald L Prigeon; Deborah A Elder; Todd M Jenkins; Robert M Cohen; Stavra A Xanthakos; Stephen C Benoit; Lawrence M Dolan; Stephen R Daniels; David A D'Alessio Journal: J Pediatr Date: 2015-09-09 Impact factor: 4.406