BACKGROUND: Infantile hemangioma (IH) is the most frequent vascular tumor of early childhood. Recently, propranolol, a nonselective β1- and β2-adrenoceptor inhibitor, was introduced into the therapy of severe proliferating IH with excellent results. However, the underlying mechanism of action of propranolol is still unclear. METHODS: We performed immunohistochemistry for cluster of differentiation 31 (CD31), D2-40, glucose transporter-1 (GLUT-1), and Ki67 in order to characterize 21 vascular anomalies (nine IH, seven venous malformations (VMs), and five lymphatic malformations (LMs)). Furthermore, we analyzed the expression of β1-, β2-, and β3-adrenoceptor mRNA in these specimens as well as in hemangioma-derived stem cells by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). RESULTS: We show that the expression of β1-adrenoceptor mRNA is 10.7-fold higher in IH independent of the proliferative or regressive phase as well as 2.5-fold higher in hemangioma-derived stem cells as compared with β2-adrenoceptor mRNA. In LM, the expression of β2-adrenoceptor mRNA was ninefold higher than that of β1-adrenoceptor mRNA. VM showed low expression levels of all β-adrenoceptor mRNAs, and β3-adrenoceptor mRNA was hardly detectable in any specimens examined. CONCLUSION: These results provide the first evidence of distinctions between IH and vascular malformations with regard to β-adrenoceptor subtype mRNA levels.
BACKGROUND: Infantile hemangioma (IH) is the most frequent vascular tumor of early childhood. Recently, propranolol, a nonselective β1- and β2-adrenoceptor inhibitor, was introduced into the therapy of severe proliferating IH with excellent results. However, the underlying mechanism of action of propranolol is still unclear. METHODS: We performed immunohistochemistry for cluster of differentiation 31 (CD31), D2-40, glucose transporter-1 (GLUT-1), and Ki67 in order to characterize 21 vascular anomalies (nine IH, seven venous malformations (VMs), and five lymphatic malformations (LMs)). Furthermore, we analyzed the expression of β1-, β2-, and β3-adrenoceptor mRNA in these specimens as well as in hemangioma-derived stem cells by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). RESULTS: We show that the expression of β1-adrenoceptor mRNA is 10.7-fold higher in IH independent of the proliferative or regressive phase as well as 2.5-fold higher in hemangioma-derived stem cells as compared with β2-adrenoceptor mRNA. In LM, the expression of β2-adrenoceptor mRNA was ninefold higher than that of β1-adrenoceptor mRNA. VM showed low expression levels of all β-adrenoceptor mRNAs, and β3-adrenoceptor mRNA was hardly detectable in any specimens examined. CONCLUSION: These results provide the first evidence of distinctions between IH and vascular malformations with regard to β-adrenoceptor subtype mRNA levels.
Authors: Ryan W England; Krista L Hardy; Alex M Kitajewski; Alvin Wong; Jan K Kitajewski; Carrie J Shawber; June K Wu Journal: Ann Plast Surg Date: 2014-09 Impact factor: 1.539
Authors: Li Li; Lu Yu; Huan He; Li Wei; Zigang Xu; Libo Zhao; Yujuan Sun; Bin Zhang; Yuanxiang Liu; Rui He; Xiaoling Wang; Lin Ma Journal: Front Pediatr Date: 2022-05-02 Impact factor: 3.569