Paratrigonal choroid plexus papilloma presenting with satellite multiple supra- and infratentorial hemorrhages. Neuroanatomical basis and pathological hypothesis.

INTRODUCTION: Choroid plexus papillomas (CPP) are rare tumors arising from the neuroepithelium of the choroid plexus. PRESENTATION OF CASE: We report a case of a patient operated for a paratrigonal hemorrhagic WHO class I CPP presenting with multiple satellite supra- and infratentorial hemorrhages. Clinical presentation was characterized by sudden hemiparesis, speech impairment and consciousness deterioration; neuroradiological imaging showed a huge contrast-enhanced solid hemorrhagic left paratrigonal lesion along with others multifocal right occipital and vermian hemorrhages. The patient underwent urgent intervention for excision of the paratrigonal lesion, whose histological analysis led to the diagnosis of CPP. A few days later due to failure of conservative treatment of the satellite hemorrhages the patient underwent a second-time surgery for their evacuation; interestingly histological examination of the tissue probe did not reveal any neoplastic features confirming their sole hemorrhagic nature. Patient's conditions slowly improved despite severe neurological deficits, without any further tumor recurrence. DISCUSSION: A thorough revision of the literature is provided including previous reported cases of spontaneous bleeding CPPs and other underlying causes that could lead to multifocal hemorrhages.
CONCLUSION: Due to the rarity of these events, this case remains still open to speculative hypotheses drawn to explain the neuroanatomical and pathogenetic basis behind this case report.