Arteriogenesis in the pia matter of the rat brain cortex after intracerebral injection of mesenchymal stem cells.

We studied the effect of intracerebral transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells on the density of pial arterioles in rat brain cortex. It was shown that intracerebral transplantation although causes damage to about half the area of the ipsilateral pia mater, does not change the density of the microvascular network neither in border region of the injured tissue, nor in the contralateral hemisphere. Intracerebral transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells promoted arteriogenesis in the pia mater of the contralateral hemisphere: density of arterioles in this area was significantly (by about 2.5 times higher) than in other experimental animals.