BACKGROUND: Senescence marker protein-30 (SMP30) decreases with aging, and SMP30 knockout (KO) mice show a short life with increased oxidant stress. AIMS: We assessed the effect of oxidant stress with SMP30 deficiency in coronary artery spasm and clarify its underlying mechanisms. RESULTS: We measured vascular responses to acetylcholine (ACh) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP) of isolated coronary arteries from SMP30 KO and wild-type (WT) mice. In SMP30 KO mice, ACh-induced vasoconstriction occurred, which was changed to vasodilation by dithiothreitol (DTT), a thiol-reducing agent. However, Nω-nitro-L-arginine-methyl ester, nitric oxide (NO) synthase inhibitor, or tetrahydrobiopterin did not change the ACh response. In isolated coronary arteries of WT mice, ACh-induced vasodilation occurred. Inhibition of glutathione reductase by 1, 3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea decreased ACh-induced vasodilation (n=10, p<0.01), which was restored by DTT. To evaluate the thiol oxidation, we measured the fluorescence of monochlorobimane (MCB) in coronary arteries, which covalently labels the total. The fluorescence level to MCB decreased in SMP30 KO mice, but with DTT treatment restored to a level comparable to that of WT mice. The reduced glutathione and total thiol levels were also low in the aorta of SMP30 KO mice compared with those of WT mice. Administration of ACh into the aortic sinus in vivo of SMP30 KO mice induced coronary artery spasm. INNOVATION: The thiol redox state is a key regulator of endothelial NO synthase activity, and thiol oxidation was associated with endothelial dysfunction in the SMP30 deficiency model. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that chronic thiol oxidation by oxidant stress is a trigger of coronary artery spasm, resulting in impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilation.
BACKGROUND:Senescence marker protein-30 (SMP30) decreases with aging, and SMP30 knockout (KO) mice show a short life with increased oxidant stress. AIMS: We assessed the effect of oxidant stress with SMP30 deficiency in coronary artery spasm and clarify its underlying mechanisms. RESULTS: We measured vascular responses to acetylcholine (ACh) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP) of isolated coronary arteries from SMP30 KO and wild-type (WT) mice. In SMP30 KO mice, ACh-induced vasoconstriction occurred, which was changed to vasodilation by dithiothreitol (DTT), a thiol-reducing agent. However, Nω-nitro-L-arginine-methyl ester, nitric oxide (NO) synthase inhibitor, or tetrahydrobiopterin did not change the ACh response. In isolated coronary arteries of WT mice, ACh-induced vasodilation occurred. Inhibition of glutathione reductase by 1, 3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea decreased ACh-induced vasodilation (n=10, p<0.01), which was restored by DTT. To evaluate the thiol oxidation, we measured the fluorescence of monochlorobimane (MCB) in coronary arteries, which covalently labels the total. The fluorescence level to MCB decreased in SMP30 KO mice, but with DTT treatment restored to a level comparable to that of WT mice. The reduced glutathione and total thiol levels were also low in the aorta of SMP30 KO mice compared with those of WT mice. Administration of ACh into the aortic sinus in vivo of SMP30 KO mice induced coronary artery spasm. INNOVATION: The thiol redox state is a key regulator of endothelial NO synthase activity, and thiol oxidation was associated with endothelial dysfunction in the SMP30 deficiency model. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that chronic thiol oxidation by oxidant stress is a trigger of coronary artery spasm, resulting in impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilation.