Left ventricular filling in dilated cardiomyopathy: relation to functional class and hemodynamics.

Left ventricular systolic function does not correlate well with functional class in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. To determine whether the correlation is better with Doppler indexes of left ventricular diastolic function, 34 patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (M-mode echocardiographic end-diastolic dimension greater than 60 mm, fractional shortening less than 25%, increased E point-septal separation) were studied. Patients were classified into two groups according to functional class. Group 1 consisted of 16 patients in New York Heart Association functional class I or II; group 2 included 18 patients in functional class III or IV. Left ventricular dimensions, fractional shortening, left ventricular mass, meridional end-systolic wall stress, peak early and late transmitral filling velocities and their ratio, isovolumetric relaxation period and time to peak filling rate were computed from pulsed wave Doppler and M-mode echocardiograms and calibrated carotid pulse tracings. Right heart catheterization was performed in 20 of 34 patients. No differences were observed between groups with regard to age, gender distribution, heart rate, blood pressure and M-mode echocardiographic-derived indexes of systolic function. Peak early filling velocity (72 +/- 13 versus 40 +/- 10 cm/s, p less than 0.001) was higher and atrial filling fraction (27 +/- 4% versus 46 +/- 8%, p less than 0.001) was lower in group 2 than in group 1. The ratio of early to late transmitral filling velocities was higher in group 2 patients (2.3 +/- 0.5 versus 0.7 +/- 0.2, p less than 0.001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)