Tomoyuki Akiyama1, Katsuhiro Kobayashi2, Akihito Higashikage3, Junko Sato3, Harumi Yoshinaga4. 1. Department of Child Neurology, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan. Electronic address: takiyama@okayama-u.ac.jp. 2. Department of Child Neurology, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan. 3. Central Clinical Laboratory, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan. 4. Department of Child Neurology, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan; Department of Child Neurology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: We intended to investigate the effects of age, gender, and medications on amino acid cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)/plasma ratios in children, and to determine whether amino acid transports across the blood-CSF barrier in children differ from those in adults. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Amino acid concentrations measured by ion-exchange high-performance liquid chromatography were used (CSF from 99 children, simultaneously collected plasma from 76 children). Influence of age, gender, and medications on the amino acid CSF concentrations and CSF/plasma ratios were analyzed by linear multiple regression. Interactions of amino acid transports were analyzed by correlation analysis of CSF/plasma ratios. RESULTS: CSF/plasma ratios of serine, valine, histidine, and arginine were higher in younger children. The glutamate CSF/plasma ratio was higher in older children. Serine, alanine, threonine, valine, and histidine CSF/plasma ratios were lower in females. Glutamine, methionine, tyrosine, and phenylalanine CSF/plasma ratios were elevated with valproate therapy. Serine, threonine, valine, leucine, and tyrosine CSF/plasma ratios were lower with clobazam therapy. The asparagine CSF/plasma ratio was elevated with pyridoxal phosphate therapy. Transports of most essential neutral amino acids interacted with each other, as did neutral amino acids with low molecular weights. Cationic amino acids interacted with each other and some essential neutral amino acids. Acidic amino acids had no interactions with other amino acids. CONCLUSIONS: Age, gender, and anti-epileptic drugs affect amino acid CSF/plasma ratios in children. Transport interactions between amino acids in children showed no remarkable difference from those of adults and generally followed the substrate specificities of multiple amino acid transport systems.
OBJECTIVE: We intended to investigate the effects of age, gender, and medications on amino acid cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)/plasma ratios in children, and to determine whether amino acid transports across the blood-CSF barrier in children differ from those in adults. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Amino acid concentrations measured by ion-exchange high-performance liquid chromatography were used (CSF from 99 children, simultaneously collected plasma from 76 children). Influence of age, gender, and medications on the amino acid CSF concentrations and CSF/plasma ratios were analyzed by linear multiple regression. Interactions of amino acid transports were analyzed by correlation analysis of CSF/plasma ratios. RESULTS: CSF/plasma ratios of serine, valine, histidine, and arginine were higher in younger children. The glutamate CSF/plasma ratio was higher in older children. Serine, alanine, threonine, valine, and histidine CSF/plasma ratios were lower in females. Glutamine, methionine, tyrosine, and phenylalanine CSF/plasma ratios were elevated with valproate therapy. Serine, threonine, valine, leucine, and tyrosine CSF/plasma ratios were lower with clobazam therapy. The asparagine CSF/plasma ratio was elevated with pyridoxal phosphate therapy. Transports of most essential neutral amino acids interacted with each other, as did neutral amino acids with low molecular weights. Cationic amino acids interacted with each other and some essential neutral amino acids. Acidic amino acids had no interactions with other amino acids. CONCLUSIONS: Age, gender, and anti-epileptic drugs affect amino acid CSF/plasma ratios in children. Transport interactions between amino acids in children showed no remarkable difference from those of adults and generally followed the substrate specificities of multiple amino acid transport systems.
Authors: Stephanie J Sacharow; Elizabeth E Dudenhausen; Carrie L Lomelino; Lance Rodan; Christelle Moufawad El Achkar; Heather E Olson; Casie A Genetti; Pankaj B Agrawal; Robert McKenna; Michael S Kilberg Journal: Mol Genet Metab Date: 2017-12-20 Impact factor: 4.797
Authors: Elizabeth K Ruzzo; José-Mario Capo-Chichi; Bruria Ben-Zeev; David Chitayat; Hanqian Mao; Andrea L Pappas; Yuki Hitomi; Yi-Fan Lu; Xiaodi Yao; Fadi F Hamdan; Kimberly Pelak; Haike Reznik-Wolf; Ifat Bar-Joseph; Danit Oz-Levi; Dorit Lev; Tally Lerman-Sagie; Esther Leshinsky-Silver; Yair Anikster; Edna Ben-Asher; Tsviya Olender; Laurence Colleaux; Jean-Claude Décarie; Susan Blaser; Brenda Banwell; Rasesh B Joshi; Xiao-Ping He; Lysanne Patry; Rachel J Silver; Sylvia Dobrzeniecka; Mohammad S Islam; Abul Hasnat; Mark E Samuels; Dipendra K Aryal; Ramona M Rodriguiz; Yong-Hui Jiang; William C Wetsel; James O McNamara; Guy A Rouleau; Debra L Silver; Doron Lancet; Elon Pras; Grant A Mitchell; Jacques L Michaud; David B Goldstein Journal: Neuron Date: 2013-10-16 Impact factor: 17.173
Authors: Piotr Maciejak; Janusz Szyndler; Karolina Kołosowska; Danuta Turzyńska; Alicja Sobolewska; Jerzy Walkowiak; Adam Płaźnik Journal: Neurotox Res Date: 2013-11-19 Impact factor: 3.911
Authors: Marta Batllori; Mercedes Casado; Cristina Sierra; Maria Del Carmen Salgado; Laura Marti-Sanchez; Joan Maynou; Guerau Fernandez; Angels Garcia-Cazorla; Aida Ormazabal; Marta Molero-Luis; Rafael Artuch Journal: Fluids Barriers CNS Date: 2019-11-14