Literature DB >> 23284513

2-Cyano-3-(2,3,6,7-tetra-hydro-1H,5H-benzo[ij]quinolizin-9-yl)prop-2-enoic acid dimethyl sulfoxide monosolvate.

Hemant Yennawar1, Gang He, Christopher Rumble, Mark Maroncelli.   

Abstract

In dimethyl sulfoxide solvated 9-(2-carb-oxy-2-cyano-vin-yl)julolidine, C(16)H(16)N(2)O(2)·C(2)H(6)OS, the essentially planar -CH=(CN)-CO(2)H substituent (r.m.s. deviation = 0.014 Å) is almost coplanar with respect to the benzene ring, the dihedral angle between the two planes being 0.48 (2)°. The conformations of the fused, non-aromatic rings were found to be half-chair. In the crystal, the acid molecule forms a hydrogen bond to the O atom of the solvent mol-ecule. The acid mol-ecule is disordered over two positions with respect to the methyl-ene C atoms in a 1:1 ratio. The crystal studied was found to be a racemic twin.

Entities:  

Year:  2012        PMID: 23284513      PMCID: PMC3515293          DOI: 10.1107/S1600536812043383

Source DB:  PubMed          Journal:  Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online        ISSN: 1600-5368


Related literature

For the synthesis of 9-(2-carb­oxy-2-cyano­vin­yl)julolidine, commonly known as CCVJ, see: Rumble et al. (2012 ▶). For a related mol­ecule, see: Liang et al. (2009 ▶). For fluorescent-rotor probe studies of CCVJ, see: Sawada et al. (1992 ▶); Haidekker et al. (2001 ▶). For other applications, see: Iwaki et al. (1993 ▶); Haidekker et al. (2002 ▶); Tanaka et al. (2008 ▶); Hawe et al. (2010 ▶); Levitt et al. (2011 ▶), Dishari & Hickner (2012 ▶); Howell et al. (2012 ▶). For a mechanismic study, see: Rumble et al. (2012 ▶).

Experimental

Crystal data

C16H16N2O2·C2H6OS M = 346.44 Monoclinic, a = 10.215 (3) Å b = 7.4588 (19) Å c = 11.819 (3) Å β = 100.170 (5)° V = 886.4 (4) Å3 Z = 2 Mo Kα radiation μ = 0.20 mm−1 T = 298 K 0.20 × 0.16 × 0.15 mm

Data collection

Bruker SMART APEX CCD area-detector diffractometer Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Bruker, 2001 ▶) T min = 0.961, T max = 0.971 5962 measured reflections 3443 independent reflections 2520 reflections with I > 2σ(I) R int = 0.017

Refinement

R[F 2 > 2σ(F 2)] = 0.051 wR(F 2) = 0.146 S = 1.02 3443 reflections 239 parameters 45 restraints H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement Δρmax = 0.25 e Å−3 Δρmin = −0.23 e Å−3 Absolute structure: Flack (1983 ▶), 1096 Friedel pairs Flack parameter: 0.51 (15) Data collection: SMART (Bruker, 2001 ▶); cell refinement: SAINT (Bruker, 2001 ▶); data reduction: SAINT; program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008 ▶); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008 ▶); molecular graphics: X-SEED (Barbour, 2001 ▶); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008 ▶). Click here for additional data file. Crystal structure: contains datablock(s) I, global. DOI: 10.1107/S1600536812043383/ng5301sup1.cif Click here for additional data file. Structure factors: contains datablock(s) I. DOI: 10.1107/S1600536812043383/ng5301Isup2.hkl Click here for additional data file. Supplementary material file. DOI: 10.1107/S1600536812043383/ng5301Isup3.cml Additional supplementary materials: crystallographic information; 3D view; checkCIF report
C16H16N2O2·C2H6OSF(000) = 368
Mr = 346.44Dx = 1.298 Mg m3
Monoclinic, P21Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å
Hall symbol: P 2ybCell parameters from 1427 reflections
a = 10.215 (3) Åθ = 2.4–26.3°
b = 7.4588 (19) ŵ = 0.20 mm1
c = 11.819 (3) ÅT = 298 K
β = 100.170 (5)°Pyramid, orange
V = 886.4 (4) Å30.20 × 0.16 × 0.15 mm
Z = 2
Bruker SMART APEX CCD area-detector diffractometer3443 independent reflections
Radiation source: fine-focus sealed tube2520 reflections with I > 2σ(I)
Graphite monochromatorRint = 0.017
φ and ω scansθmax = 28.3°, θmin = 1.8°
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Bruker, 2001)h = −10→13
Tmin = 0.961, Tmax = 0.971k = −9→8
5962 measured reflectionsl = −15→15
Refinement on F2Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map
Least-squares matrix: fullHydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.051H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement
wR(F2) = 0.146w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0864P)2] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3
S = 1.02(Δ/σ)max = 0.001
3443 reflectionsΔρmax = 0.25 e Å3
239 parametersΔρmin = −0.23 e Å3
45 restraintsAbsolute structure: Flack (1983), 1096 Friedel pairs
Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methodsFlack parameter: 0.51 (15)
xyzUiso*/UeqOcc. (<1)
S11.57938 (6)0.5022 (3)0.08482 (5)0.0703 (3)
O11.23541 (15)0.4978 (8)0.16187 (12)0.0620 (5)
H11.301 (3)0.535 (6)0.134 (3)0.082 (11)*
O21.37748 (15)0.5038 (7)0.32895 (12)0.0644 (5)
O31.43031 (17)0.5070 (9)0.04602 (13)0.0831 (7)
N10.80423 (18)0.5001 (7)0.76083 (14)0.0546 (5)
N20.9202 (2)0.5020 (10)0.19413 (15)0.0694 (7)
C10.8895 (2)0.5020 (8)0.68381 (15)0.0433 (5)
C21.0286 (2)0.4971 (8)0.72132 (16)0.0483 (5)
C31.0773 (10)0.478 (2)0.8505 (5)0.057 (2)0.50
H3A1.14990.39290.86280.069*0.50
H3B1.11260.59310.88020.069*0.50
C40.9831 (10)0.4241 (15)0.9135 (7)0.0588 (12)0.50
H4A1.01860.44330.99430.071*0.50
H4B0.96940.29620.90240.071*0.50
C50.8488 (13)0.516 (3)0.8856 (6)0.061 (2)0.50
H5A0.78570.45930.92650.073*0.50
H5B0.85680.64160.90790.073*0.50
C60.6611 (6)0.517 (3)0.7224 (12)0.063 (2)0.50
H6A0.63650.64300.71960.076*0.50
H6B0.61460.45780.77670.076*0.50
C70.6201 (10)0.4346 (16)0.6046 (9)0.0591 (13)0.50
H7A0.52450.44170.57990.071*0.50
H7B0.64700.30990.60490.071*0.50
C80.6920 (6)0.5454 (16)0.5261 (10)0.0564 (12)0.50
H8A0.67740.67260.53590.068*0.50
H8B0.66190.51380.44610.068*0.50
C3'1.0888 (10)0.534 (2)0.8468 (5)0.057 (2)0.50
H3'A1.14760.43560.87520.069*0.50
H3'B1.14260.64180.85020.069*0.50
C4'0.9974 (9)0.5554 (15)0.9189 (6)0.0588 (12)0.50
H4'A0.98930.68290.93210.071*0.50
H4'B1.03530.50200.99220.071*0.50
C5'0.8576 (13)0.481 (3)0.8843 (6)0.061 (2)0.50
H5'A0.85800.35500.90470.073*0.50
H5'B0.79900.54270.92770.073*0.50
C6'0.6599 (6)0.488 (3)0.7296 (11)0.063 (2)0.50
H6'A0.61970.56610.77920.076*0.50
H6'B0.63270.36580.74260.076*0.50
C7'0.6091 (9)0.5376 (16)0.6058 (8)0.0591 (13)0.50
H7'A0.61010.66710.59830.071*0.50
H7'B0.51760.49770.58440.071*0.50
C8'0.6919 (6)0.4551 (16)0.5238 (10)0.0564 (12)0.50
H8'A0.67900.32620.52070.068*0.50
H8'B0.66330.50280.44700.068*0.50
C90.8385 (2)0.4974 (10)0.56447 (17)0.0531 (6)
C100.9249 (2)0.4991 (9)0.48771 (16)0.0521 (6)
H100.89010.49970.40950.062*
C111.06346 (19)0.5000 (9)0.52212 (15)0.0432 (5)
C121.1110 (2)0.4975 (9)0.64131 (16)0.0478 (5)
H121.20240.49610.66710.057*
C131.15899 (19)0.4997 (8)0.44699 (15)0.0441 (5)
H131.24690.49960.48490.053*
C141.14494 (19)0.4994 (8)0.32993 (15)0.0422 (5)
C151.0203 (2)0.4995 (9)0.25512 (16)0.0456 (5)
C161.2650 (2)0.5071 (8)0.27592 (16)0.0446 (5)
C171.6110 (5)0.6841 (7)0.1863 (4)0.0650 (14)
H17A1.59390.79620.14650.098*
H17B1.70220.68020.22430.098*
H17C1.55390.67280.24230.098*
C181.6183 (6)0.3239 (8)0.1791 (5)0.0809 (18)
H18A1.60650.21320.13710.121*
H18B1.56080.32570.23520.121*
H18C1.70910.33410.21720.121*
U11U22U33U12U13U23
S10.0427 (3)0.1230 (6)0.0511 (3)0.0016 (10)0.0244 (3)0.0008 (10)
O10.0391 (8)0.1122 (15)0.0383 (7)0.008 (3)0.0162 (6)0.002 (2)
O20.0385 (8)0.1109 (14)0.0454 (8)−0.009 (3)0.0118 (6)−0.004 (3)
O30.0439 (9)0.164 (2)0.0435 (8)−0.004 (3)0.0133 (7)0.016 (3)
N10.0482 (10)0.0773 (13)0.0434 (9)−0.007 (3)0.0220 (8)−0.010 (3)
N20.0437 (11)0.121 (2)0.0445 (10)−0.016 (3)0.0112 (8)0.008 (3)
C10.0485 (11)0.0469 (11)0.0388 (9)0.004 (3)0.0192 (8)0.002 (3)
C20.0487 (12)0.0634 (13)0.0344 (9)−0.001 (3)0.0120 (8)0.004 (3)
C30.056 (2)0.080 (7)0.0357 (11)−0.017 (4)0.0096 (11)−0.016 (4)
C40.075 (3)0.072 (3)0.0313 (13)−0.003 (4)0.0137 (14)0.016 (3)
C50.066 (2)0.082 (6)0.0405 (11)0.005 (5)0.0258 (11)−0.013 (3)
C60.0490 (13)0.082 (5)0.0656 (19)0.009 (4)0.0303 (11)0.002 (4)
C70.0405 (18)0.065 (4)0.0741 (18)0.005 (4)0.0173 (14)0.002 (5)
C80.0441 (14)0.071 (4)0.0548 (14)−0.001 (6)0.0105 (11)−0.014 (6)
C3'0.056 (2)0.080 (7)0.0357 (11)−0.017 (4)0.0096 (11)−0.016 (4)
C4'0.075 (3)0.072 (3)0.0313 (13)−0.003 (4)0.0137 (14)0.016 (3)
C5'0.066 (2)0.082 (6)0.0405 (11)0.005 (5)0.0258 (11)−0.013 (3)
C6'0.0490 (13)0.082 (5)0.0656 (19)0.009 (4)0.0303 (11)0.002 (4)
C7'0.0405 (18)0.065 (4)0.0741 (18)0.005 (4)0.0173 (14)0.002 (5)
C8'0.0441 (14)0.071 (4)0.0548 (14)−0.001 (6)0.0105 (11)−0.014 (6)
C90.0401 (11)0.0803 (16)0.0406 (10)−0.003 (3)0.0118 (9)−0.014 (3)
C100.0436 (11)0.0809 (16)0.0331 (9)−0.003 (3)0.0107 (8)0.016 (3)
C110.0419 (11)0.0534 (12)0.0368 (9)−0.005 (3)0.0134 (8)0.009 (2)
C120.0394 (10)0.0665 (14)0.0383 (9)−0.008 (3)0.0092 (8)0.006 (3)
C130.0383 (10)0.0566 (12)0.0390 (9)0.005 (3)0.0110 (8)0.003 (3)
C140.0365 (10)0.0542 (12)0.0382 (9)−0.008 (3)0.0128 (7)0.003 (3)
C150.0395 (11)0.0657 (14)0.0351 (9)−0.007 (3)0.0164 (8)0.004 (3)
C160.0391 (11)0.0596 (14)0.0373 (9)0.005 (3)0.0130 (8)0.005 (3)
C170.041 (3)0.089 (4)0.066 (3)−0.003 (2)0.013 (2)−0.006 (2)
C180.065 (4)0.079 (3)0.103 (4)−0.011 (3)0.025 (3)−0.034 (3)
S1—O31.5112 (18)C3'—C4'1.380 (7)
S1—C181.736 (6)C3'—H3'A0.9700
S1—C171.802 (5)C3'—H3'B0.9700
O1—C161.330 (2)C4'—C5'1.520 (11)
O1—H10.85 (3)C4'—H4'A0.9700
O2—C161.208 (2)C4'—H4'B0.9700
N1—C11.366 (2)C5'—H5'A0.9700
N1—C6'1.458 (6)C5'—H5'B0.9700
N1—C61.458 (6)C6'—C7'1.511 (10)
N1—C51.470 (6)C6'—H6'A0.9700
N1—C5'1.472 (6)C6'—H6'B0.9700
N2—C151.142 (3)C7'—C8'1.525 (6)
C1—C21.412 (3)C7'—H7'A0.9700
C1—C91.415 (3)C7'—H7'B0.9700
C2—C121.373 (3)C8'—C91.522 (6)
C2—C3'1.527 (6)C8'—H8'A0.9700
C2—C31.527 (6)C8'—H8'B0.9700
C3—C41.377 (7)C9—C101.374 (3)
C3—H3A0.9700C10—C111.402 (3)
C3—H3B0.9700C10—H100.9300
C4—C51.518 (11)C11—C121.407 (3)
C4—H4A0.9700C11—C131.431 (2)
C4—H4B0.9700C12—H120.9300
C5—H5A0.9700C13—C141.366 (2)
C5—H5B0.9700C13—H130.9300
C6—C71.513 (10)C14—C151.416 (3)
C6—H6A0.9700C14—C161.480 (3)
C6—H6B0.9700C17—H17A0.9600
C7—C81.525 (7)C17—H17B0.9600
C7—H7A0.9700C17—H17C0.9600
C7—H7B0.9700C18—H18A0.9600
C8—C91.528 (6)C18—H18B0.9600
C8—H8A0.9700C18—H18C0.9600
C8—H8B0.9700
O3—S1—C18108.5 (3)C5'—C4'—H4'A107.3
O3—S1—C17103.7 (3)C3'—C4'—H4'B107.3
C18—S1—C1798.95 (13)C5'—C4'—H4'B107.3
C16—O1—H1109 (2)H4'A—C4'—H4'B106.9
C1—N1—C6'124.5 (6)N1—C5'—C4'113.4 (10)
C1—N1—C6120.9 (6)N1—C5'—H5'A108.9
C1—N1—C5123.1 (6)C4'—C5'—H5'A108.9
C6'—N1—C5112.3 (8)N1—C5'—H5'B108.9
C6—N1—C5114.9 (8)C4'—C5'—H5'B108.9
C1—N1—C5'119.6 (6)H5'A—C5'—H5'B107.7
C6'—N1—C5'115.2 (8)N1—C6'—C7'112.9 (10)
C6—N1—C5'119.5 (8)N1—C6'—H6'A109.0
N1—C1—C2120.98 (17)C7'—C6'—H6'A109.0
N1—C1—C9119.88 (19)N1—C6'—H6'B109.0
C2—C1—C9119.02 (16)C7'—C6'—H6'B109.0
C12—C2—C1119.30 (17)H6'A—C6'—H6'B107.8
C12—C2—C3'118.5 (4)C6'—C7'—C8'112.4 (12)
C1—C2—C3'120.7 (4)C6'—C7'—H7'A109.1
C12—C2—C3123.9 (4)C8'—C7'—H7'A109.1
C1—C2—C3116.6 (4)C6'—C7'—H7'B109.1
C4—C3—C2115.6 (7)C8'—C7'—H7'B109.1
C4—C3—H3A108.4H7'A—C7'—H7'B107.8
C2—C3—H3A108.4C9—C8'—C7'109.9 (6)
C4—C3—H3B108.4C9—C8'—H8'A109.7
C2—C3—H3B108.4C7'—C8'—H8'A109.7
H3A—C3—H3B107.4C9—C8'—H8'B109.7
C3—C4—C5116.1 (12)C7'—C8'—H8'B109.7
C3—C4—H4A108.3H8'A—C8'—H8'B108.2
C5—C4—H4A108.3C10—C9—C1119.46 (19)
C3—C4—H4B108.3C10—C9—C8'120.3 (5)
C5—C4—H4B108.3C1—C9—C8'119.2 (5)
H4A—C4—H4B107.4C10—C9—C8120.8 (5)
N1—C5—C4106.8 (9)C1—C9—C8117.3 (5)
N1—C5—H5A110.4C9—C10—C11122.84 (17)
C4—C5—H5A110.4C9—C10—H10118.6
N1—C5—H5B110.4C11—C10—H10118.6
C4—C5—H5B110.4C10—C11—C12116.29 (16)
H5A—C5—H5B108.6C10—C11—C13125.74 (17)
N1—C6—C7110.5 (10)C12—C11—C13117.96 (18)
N1—C6—H6A109.5C2—C12—C11122.99 (19)
C7—C6—H6A109.5C2—C12—H12118.5
N1—C6—H6B109.5C11—C12—H12118.5
C7—C6—H6B109.5C14—C13—C11131.90 (19)
H6A—C6—H6B108.1C14—C13—H13114.1
C6—C7—C8104.7 (13)C11—C13—H13114.1
C6—C7—H7A110.8C13—C14—C15123.68 (17)
C8—C7—H7A110.8C13—C14—C16119.35 (18)
C6—C7—H7B110.8C15—C14—C16116.93 (16)
C8—C7—H7B110.8N2—C15—C14179.0 (6)
H7A—C7—H7B108.9O2—C16—O1123.34 (18)
C7—C8—C9104.1 (7)O2—C16—C14124.06 (17)
C7—C8—H8A110.9O1—C16—C14112.20 (18)
C9—C8—H8A110.9S1—C17—H17A109.5
C7—C8—H8B110.9S1—C17—H17B109.5
C9—C8—H8B110.9H17A—C17—H17B109.5
H8A—C8—H8B108.9S1—C17—H17C109.5
C4'—C3'—C2114.8 (7)H17A—C17—H17C109.5
C4'—C3'—H3'A108.6H17B—C17—H17C109.5
C2—C3'—H3'A108.6S1—C18—H18A109.5
C4'—C3'—H3'B108.6S1—C18—H18B109.5
C2—C3'—H3'B108.6H18A—C18—H18B109.5
H3'A—C3'—H3'B107.5S1—C18—H18C109.5
C3'—C4'—C5'119.9 (9)H18A—C18—H18C109.5
C3'—C4'—H4'A107.3H18B—C18—H18C109.5
C6'—N1—C1—C2−173.9 (13)C3'—C4'—C5'—N1−38 (2)
C6—N1—C1—C2175.9 (12)C1—N1—C6'—C7'−19 (2)
C5—N1—C1—C28.1 (14)C6—N1—C6'—C7'51 (6)
C5'—N1—C1—C2−3.9 (13)C5—N1—C6'—C7'159.2 (15)
C6'—N1—C1—C92.1 (15)C5'—N1—C6'—C7'170.7 (15)
C6—N1—C1—C9−8.2 (15)N1—C6'—C7'—C8'44 (2)
C5—N1—C1—C9−175.9 (12)C6'—C7'—C8'—C9−51.9 (15)
C5'—N1—C1—C9172.0 (11)N1—C1—C9—C10−179.9 (6)
N1—C1—C2—C12179.4 (6)C2—C1—C9—C10−3.9 (10)
C9—C1—C2—C123.4 (9)N1—C1—C9—C8'−11.4 (11)
N1—C1—C2—C3'−14.6 (11)C2—C1—C9—C8'164.6 (7)
C9—C1—C2—C3'169.4 (9)N1—C1—C9—C817.6 (10)
N1—C1—C2—C33.6 (11)C2—C1—C9—C8−166.4 (7)
C9—C1—C2—C3−172.4 (9)C7'—C8'—C9—C10−155.4 (9)
C12—C2—C3—C4−160.1 (10)C7'—C8'—C9—C136.2 (13)
C1—C2—C3—C415.5 (16)C7'—C8'—C9—C8−56.6 (13)
C3'—C2—C3—C4124 (4)C7—C8—C9—C10149.4 (9)
C2—C3—C4—C5−45.1 (18)C7—C8—C9—C1−48.3 (11)
C1—N1—C5—C4−33.8 (19)C7—C8—C9—C8'52.9 (15)
C6'—N1—C5—C4148.0 (15)C1—C9—C10—C111.9 (10)
C6—N1—C5—C4157.8 (14)C8'—C9—C10—C11−166.4 (8)
C5'—N1—C5—C440 (5)C8—C9—C10—C11163.8 (7)
C3—C4—C5—N152.5 (19)C9—C10—C11—C120.5 (9)
C1—N1—C6—C732 (2)C9—C10—C11—C13179.2 (7)
C6'—N1—C6—C7−84 (7)C1—C2—C12—C11−0.9 (9)
C5—N1—C6—C7−159.6 (14)C3'—C2—C12—C11−167.3 (9)
C5'—N1—C6—C7−148.5 (14)C3—C2—C12—C11174.6 (9)
N1—C6—C7—C8−62.6 (16)C10—C11—C12—C2−1.0 (9)
C6—C7—C8—C968.9 (11)C13—C11—C12—C2−179.8 (6)
C12—C2—C3'—C4'171.6 (9)C10—C11—C13—C140.4 (10)
C1—C2—C3'—C4'5.5 (15)C12—C11—C13—C14179.1 (6)
C3—C2—C3'—C4'−75 (3)C11—C13—C14—C150.0 (10)
C2—C3'—C4'—C5'20.9 (17)C11—C13—C14—C16177.4 (7)
C1—N1—C5'—C4'28.6 (19)C13—C14—C16—O24.2 (10)
C6'—N1—C5'—C4'−160.5 (15)C15—C14—C16—O2−178.3 (6)
C6—N1—C5'—C4'−151.2 (15)C13—C14—C16—O1177.2 (6)
C5—N1—C5'—C4'−83 (7)C15—C14—C16—O1−5.3 (8)
D—H···AD—HH···AD···AD—H···A
O1—H1···O30.85 (3)1.83 (3)2.609 (2)153 (4)
Table 1

Hydrogen-bond geometry (Å, °)

D—H⋯A D—HH⋯A DA D—H⋯A
O1—H1⋯O30.85 (3)1.83 (3)2.609 (2)153 (4)
  11 in total

1.  A novel approach to blood plasma viscosity measurement using fluorescent molecular rotors.

Authors:  Mark A Haidekker; Amy G Tsai; Thomas Brady; Hazel Y Stevens; John A Frangos; Emmanuel Theodorakis; Marcos Intaglietta
Journal:  Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol       Date:  2002-05       Impact factor: 4.733

2.  Fluorescent rotors and their applications to the study of G-F transformation of actin.

Authors:  S Sawada; T Iio; Y Hayashi; S Takahashi
Journal:  Anal Biochem       Date:  1992-07       Impact factor: 3.365

3.  A short history of SHELX.

Authors:  George M Sheldrick
Journal:  Acta Crystallogr A       Date:  2007-12-21       Impact factor: 2.290

4.  Intrinsic and extrinsic temperature-dependency of viscosity-sensitive fluorescent molecular rotors.

Authors:  Sarah Howell; Marianna Dakanali; Emmanuel A Theodorakis; Mark A Haidekker
Journal:  J Fluoresc       Date:  2011-09-27       Impact factor: 2.217

5.  New fluorescent probes for the measurement of cell membrane viscosity.

Authors:  M A Haidekker; T Ling; M Anglo; H Y Stevens; J A Frangos; E A Theodorakis
Journal:  Chem Biol       Date:  2001-02

6.  Fluorescence anisotropy of molecular rotors.

Authors:  James A Levitt; Pei-Hua Chung; Marina K Kuimova; Gokhan Yahioglu; Yan Wang; Junle Qu; Klaus Suhling
Journal:  Chemphyschem       Date:  2011-02-15       Impact factor: 3.102

7.  CCVJ is not a simple rotor probe.

Authors:  Christopher Rumble; Kacie Rich; Gang He; Mark Maroncelli
Journal:  J Phys Chem A       Date:  2012-10-25       Impact factor: 2.781

8.  Antibodies for fluorescent molecular rotors.

Authors:  T Iwaki; C Torigoe; M Noji; M Nakanishi
Journal:  Biochemistry       Date:  1993-07-27       Impact factor: 3.162

9.  Fluorescent molecular rotors as dyes to characterize polysorbate-containing IgG formulations.

Authors:  Andrea Hawe; Vasco Filipe; Wim Jiskoot
Journal:  Pharm Res       Date:  2009-12-30       Impact factor: 4.200

10.  2-[(2,3,6,7-Tetra-hydro-1H,5H-benzo[ij]quinolizin-9-yl)methyl-ene]propane-dinitrile.

Authors:  Min Liang; Hemant Yennawar; Mark Maroncelli
Journal:  Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online       Date:  2009-06-27
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