BACKGROUND: Evidence on the association between Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) adherence and cognition is presently inconsistent. OBJECTIVES: The aims of this study were to investigate the association between midlife MedDiet adherence and cognitive performance assessed 13 y later among participants in the SU.VI.MAX (Supplementation with Vitamins and Mineral Antioxidants) study and to test the hypothesis of effect modification by occupation and education as cognitive reserve markers. DESIGN:A Mediterranean Diet Score (MDS) and a Mediterranean-Style Dietary Pattern Score (MSDPS) were estimated by using repeated 24-h dietary records (1994-1996) from 3083 middle-aged subjects. Cognitive performance was assessed in 2007-2009 by using 6 neuropsychological tests, and a composite score was built. Subgroup analyses were performed according to occupational and educational status. Mean differences and 95% CIs were estimated through covariance analyses. RESULTS: After potential confounders were accounted for, no association between MDS or MSDPS and cognitive scores was detected except for a lower phonemic fluency score with decreasing MSDPS (P = 0.048) and a lower backward digit span score with decreasing MDS (P = 0.03). In turn, a low MDS was related to a lower composite cognitive score in the small subsample of manual workers (n = 178, P-interaction = 0.04) who could be hypothesized to have low cognitive reserve. MedDiet adherence did not interact with educational level in relation to cognitive function. CONCLUSION: This study did not find support for a beneficial effect of MedDiet adherence on cognitive function, irrespective of educational level, which is the strongest indicator of cognitive reserve.
RCT Entities:
BACKGROUND: Evidence on the association between Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) adherence and cognition is presently inconsistent. OBJECTIVES: The aims of this study were to investigate the association between midlife MedDiet adherence and cognitive performance assessed 13 y later among participants in the SU.VI.MAX (Supplementation with Vitamins and Mineral Antioxidants) study and to test the hypothesis of effect modification by occupation and education as cognitive reserve markers. DESIGN: A Mediterranean Diet Score (MDS) and a Mediterranean-Style Dietary Pattern Score (MSDPS) were estimated by using repeated 24-h dietary records (1994-1996) from 3083 middle-aged subjects. Cognitive performance was assessed in 2007-2009 by using 6 neuropsychological tests, and a composite score was built. Subgroup analyses were performed according to occupational and educational status. Mean differences and 95% CIs were estimated through covariance analyses. RESULTS: After potential confounders were accounted for, no association between MDS or MSDPS and cognitive scores was detected except for a lower phonemic fluency score with decreasing MSDPS (P = 0.048) and a lower backward digit span score with decreasing MDS (P = 0.03). In turn, a low MDS was related to a lower composite cognitive score in the small subsample of manual workers (n = 178, P-interaction = 0.04) who could be hypothesized to have low cognitive reserve. MedDiet adherence did not interact with educational level in relation to cognitive function. CONCLUSION: This study did not find support for a beneficial effect of MedDiet adherence on cognitive function, irrespective of educational level, which is the strongest indicator of cognitive reserve.
Authors: Natalie C Fortune; Emily W Harville; Jack M Guralnik; Jeanette Gustat; Wei Chen; Lu Qi; Lydia A Bazzano Journal: Am J Clin Nutr Date: 2019-06-01 Impact factor: 7.045
Authors: C Galbete; E Toledo; J B Toledo; M Bes-Rastrollo; P Buil-Cosiales; A Marti; F Guillén-Grima; M A Martínez-González Journal: J Nutr Health Aging Date: 2015-03 Impact factor: 4.075
Authors: Heidi Wengreen; Ronald G Munger; Adele Cutler; Anna Quach; Austin Bowles; Christopher Corcoran; Joann T Tschanz; Maria C Norton; Kathleen A Welsh-Bohmer Journal: Am J Clin Nutr Date: 2013-09-18 Impact factor: 7.045