BACKGROUND: While commercial aircraft are known sources of ultrafine particulate matter (UFP), the relationship between airport activity and local real-time UFP concentrations has not been quantified. Understanding these associations will facilitate interpretation of the exposure and health risk implications of UFP related to aviation emissions. OBJECTIVES: We used time-resolved UFP data along with flight activity and meteorological information to determine the contributions of aircraft departures and arrivals to UFP concentrations. METHODS: Aircraft flight activity and near-field continuous UFP concentrations (≧ 6 nm) were measured at five monitoring sites over a 42-day field campaign at Los Angeles International Airport (LAX). We developed regression models of UFP concentrations as a function of time-lagged landing and take-off operations (LTO) activity, in the form of arrivals or departures weighted by engine-specific estimates of fuel consumption. RESULTS: Our regression models demonstrate a strong association between departures and elevated total UFP concentrations at the end of the departure runway, with diminishing magnitude and time-lagged impacts with distance from the source. LTO activity contributed a median (95th, 99th percentile) UFP concentration of approximately 150,000 particles/cm(3) (2,000,000, 7,100,000) at a monitor at the end of the departure runway, versus 19,000 particles/cm(3) (80,000, 140,000), and 17,000 particles/cm(3) (50,000, 72,000) for monitors 250 m and 500 m further downwind, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrated significant contributions from aircraft departure activities to UFP concentrations in close proximity to departure runways, with evidence of rapid plume evolution in the near field. Our methods can inform source attribution and interpretation of dispersion modeling outputs.
BACKGROUND: While commercial aircraft are known sources of ultrafine particulate matter (UFP), the relationship between airport activity and local real-time UFP concentrations has not been quantified. Understanding these associations will facilitate interpretation of the exposure and health risk implications of UFP related to aviation emissions. OBJECTIVES: We used time-resolved UFP data along with flight activity and meteorological information to determine the contributions of aircraft departures and arrivals to UFP concentrations. METHODS: Aircraft flight activity and near-field continuous UFP concentrations (≧ 6 nm) were measured at five monitoring sites over a 42-day field campaign at Los Angeles International Airport (LAX). We developed regression models of UFP concentrations as a function of time-lagged landing and take-off operations (LTO) activity, in the form of arrivals or departures weighted by engine-specific estimates of fuel consumption. RESULTS: Our regression models demonstrate a strong association between departures and elevated total UFP concentrations at the end of the departure runway, with diminishing magnitude and time-lagged impacts with distance from the source. LTO activity contributed a median (95th, 99th percentile) UFP concentration of approximately 150,000 particles/cm(3) (2,000,000, 7,100,000) at a monitor at the end of the departure runway, versus 19,000 particles/cm(3) (80,000, 140,000), and 17,000 particles/cm(3) (50,000, 72,000) for monitors 250 m and 500 m further downwind, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrated significant contributions from aircraft departure activities to UFP concentrations in close proximity to departure runways, with evidence of rapid plume evolution in the near field. Our methods can inform source attribution and interpretation of dispersion modeling outputs.
Authors: Erin A Riley; Timothy Gould; Kris Hartin; Scott A Fruin; Christopher D Simpson; Michael G Yost; Timothy Larson Journal: Atmos Environ (1994) Date: 2016-05-10 Impact factor: 4.798
Authors: Rima Habre; Hui Zhou; Sandrah P Eckel; Temuulen Enebish; Scott Fruin; Theresa Bastain; Edward Rappaport; Frank Gilliland Journal: Environ Int Date: 2018-05-26 Impact factor: 13.352
Authors: Erik van Nunen; Roel Vermeulen; Ming-Yi Tsai; Nicole Probst-Hensch; Alex Ineichen; Mark Davey; Medea Imboden; Regina Ducret-Stich; Alessio Naccarati; Daniela Raffaele; Andrea Ranzi; Cristiana Ivaldi; Claudia Galassi; Mark Nieuwenhuijsen; Ariadna Curto; David Donaire-Gonzalez; Marta Cirach; Leda Chatzi; Mariza Kampouri; Jelle Vlaanderen; Kees Meliefste; Daan Buijtenhuijs; Bert Brunekreef; David Morley; Paolo Vineis; John Gulliver; Gerard Hoek Journal: Environ Sci Technol Date: 2017-03-13 Impact factor: 9.028
Authors: Elena Austin; Jianbang Xiang; Timothy R Gould; Jeffry H Shirai; Sukyong Yun; Michael G Yost; Timothy V Larson; Edmund Seto Journal: Environ Sci Technol Date: 2021-02-05 Impact factor: 9.028
Authors: Anja H Tremper; Calvin Jephcote; John Gulliver; Leon Hibbs; David C Green; Anna Font; Max Priestman; Anna L Hansell; Gary W Fuller Journal: Environ Int Date: 2022-01-21 Impact factor: 9.621