So Ran Kwon1, Udochukwu Oyoyo, Yiming Li. 1. Department of Restorative Dentistry, Center for Dental Research, Loma Linda University, School of Dentistry, CA 92350, United States. sorankwon@llu.edu
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To determine the effect of light activation on tooth whitening efficacy and hydrogen peroxide penetration into the pulp cavity and correlate tooth color change with penetration levels. METHODS:Extracted human canines (40) were randomized into four groups, Group A: placebo gel, Group B, placebo gel with light activation, Group C: 40% hydrogen peroxide gel, and Group D: 40% hydrogen peroxide gel with light activation. Treatment was performed three times, at 1-week intervals. Hydrogen peroxide penetration (HPP) was estimated spectrophotometrically and specimen color measured using the Vita Easy Shade Compact at baseline, after whitening, 1-h, 1-day, 1-, 4-, 8-, 12-, 16-, 20-, and 24-week post-whitening. Color change was measured per Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage methodology. ANCOVA was performed to compare color change and HPP level among the four groups. Partial nonparametric correlations between color change and HPP levels were performed with rank transformations. Tests of hypotheses were two-sided with alpha level of 0.05. RESULTS:Greater HPP was observed in Groups C and D compared to Groups A and B (p<0.001). Highest overall color change (ΔE*ab) values after treatment were observed in Group D and remained higher than Groups A-C (p<0.01). Changes in lightness and in the yellow-blue dimension (ΔL* and Δb*) were higher in Groups C and D compared to Groups A and B from post-whitening until 24 weeks (p<0.05). HPP levels were not correlated to color change (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Light activation enhanced whitening efficacy without affecting hydrogen peroxide penetration levels.
RCT Entities:
OBJECTIVES: To determine the effect of light activation on tooth whitening efficacy and hydrogen peroxide penetration into the pulp cavity and correlate tooth color change with penetration levels. METHODS: Extracted humancanines (40) were randomized into four groups, Group A: placebo gel, Group B, placebo gel with light activation, Group C: 40% hydrogen peroxide gel, and Group D: 40% hydrogen peroxide gel with light activation. Treatment was performed three times, at 1-week intervals. Hydrogen peroxide penetration (HPP) was estimated spectrophotometrically and specimen color measured using the Vita Easy Shade Compact at baseline, after whitening, 1-h, 1-day, 1-, 4-, 8-, 12-, 16-, 20-, and 24-week post-whitening. Color change was measured per Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage methodology. ANCOVA was performed to compare color change and HPP level among the four groups. Partial nonparametric correlations between color change and HPP levels were performed with rank transformations. Tests of hypotheses were two-sided with alpha level of 0.05. RESULTS: Greater HPP was observed in Groups C and D compared to Groups A and B (p<0.001). Highest overall color change (ΔE*ab) values after treatment were observed in Group D and remained higher than Groups A-C (p<0.01). Changes in lightness and in the yellow-blue dimension (ΔL* and Δb*) were higher in Groups C and D compared to Groups A and B from post-whitening until 24 weeks (p<0.05). HPP levels were not correlated to color change (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Light activation enhanced whitening efficacy without affecting hydrogen peroxide penetration levels.
Authors: Letícia Cunha Amaral Gonzaga de Almeida; Diana Gabriela Soares; Marjorie Oliveira Gallinari; Carlos Alberto de Souza Costa; Paulo Henrique Dos Santos; André Luiz Fraga Briso Journal: Clin Oral Investig Date: 2014-07-19 Impact factor: 3.573
Authors: Carlos Miguel Marto; Mafalda Laranjo; Anabela Paula; Ana Sofia Coelho; Ana Margarida Abrantes; João Casalta-Lopes; Ana Cristina Gonçalves; Ana Bela Sarmento-Ribeiro; Manuel Marques Ferreira; António Cabrita; Maria Filomena Botelho; Eunice Carrilho Journal: Materials (Basel) Date: 2020-03-25 Impact factor: 3.623