Faruk I Ucar1, Tancan Uysal. 1. Research Assistant, Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To test the null hypothesis that there is no significant difference in the craniofacial morphology and orofacial airway dimensions between mouth breathing (MB) and nasal breathing (NB) subjects. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Lateral cephalometric radiographs of 34 MB subjects (mean age: 12.8±1.5 years; range: 12.0-15.2 years) and 33 NB subjects (mean 13.9±1.3 years; age range: 12.2-15.8 years) with Class I occlusion were examined. Totally, 34 measurements (27 craniofacial and 7 orofacial airway) were evaluated. Group differences were statistically evaluated by independent samples t-test at p<0.05 levels. RESULTS: Statistical comparisons showed that SNA (p<0.01), ANB (p<0.01), A to N perp (p<0.05), convexity (p<0.05), IMPA (p<0.05) and overbite (p<0.05) measurements were significantly lower in MB group when compared to NB group. However, SN-MP (p<0.01) and PP-GoGn (p<0.01) from angular measurements and S-N (p<0.05) and anterior facial height (p<0.05) from linear measurements were significantly higher in MB subjects. Among orofacial airway measurements, only upper posterior airway space was found significantly higher(p<0.001) in MB than NB subjects. CONCLUSIONS: The null hypothesis was rejected. Mouth breathing affects craniofacial morphology and orofacial airway dimensions.
OBJECTIVE: To test the null hypothesis that there is no significant difference in the craniofacial morphology and orofacial airway dimensions between mouth breathing (MB) and nasal breathing (NB) subjects. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Lateral cephalometric radiographs of 34 MB subjects (mean age: 12.8±1.5 years; range: 12.0-15.2 years) and 33 NB subjects (mean 13.9±1.3 years; age range: 12.2-15.8 years) with Class I occlusion were examined. Totally, 34 measurements (27 craniofacial and 7 orofacial airway) were evaluated. Group differences were statistically evaluated by independent samples t-test at p<0.05 levels. RESULTS: Statistical comparisons showed that SNA (p<0.01), ANB (p<0.01), A to N perp (p<0.05), convexity (p<0.05), IMPA (p<0.05) and overbite (p<0.05) measurements were significantly lower in MB group when compared to NB group. However, SN-MP (p<0.01) and PP-GoGn (p<0.01) from angular measurements and S-N (p<0.05) and anterior facial height (p<0.05) from linear measurements were significantly higher in MB subjects. Among orofacial airway measurements, only upper posterior airway space was found significantly higher(p<0.001) in MB than NB subjects. CONCLUSIONS: The null hypothesis was rejected. Mouth breathing affects craniofacial morphology and orofacial airway dimensions.
Authors: Stefano Mummolo; Alessandro Nota; Enrico Marchetti; Giuseppe Padricelli; Giuseppe Marzo Journal: Biomed Res Int Date: 2016-12-01 Impact factor: 3.411
Authors: Chen Zhang; Robin Bruggink; Frank Baan; Ewald Bronkhorst; Thomas Maal; Hong He; Edwin M Ongkosuwito Journal: PeerJ Date: 2019-01-28 Impact factor: 2.984