OBJECTIVE: To develop and validate a simple screening tool which can be used in the Community to identify delay in language development among children of 0-3 years of age. METHODS: The normal range for the 33 items of Language Evaluation Scale Trivandrum for 0-3years LEST(0-3) were carefully selected from various existing language development charts and scales, by experts keeping in mind the face validity and content validity. The criterion validity was assessed using a community sample of 643 children of 0 to 3 years of age, including 340 (52.9%) boys. LEST (0-3) was validated against Receptive Expressive Energent Language Scale, for screening delay in language development among children of 0-3 years. RESULTS: When one item delay was taken as LEST delay (test positive), the sensitivity and specificity of LEST(0-3), was found to be 95.85% and 77.5%, respectively with a negative predictive value of 99.8% and LR (negative) of 0.05.When two item delay was taken as LEST delay(test positive), the sensitivity and specificity of LEST(0-3), was found to be 66.7% and 94.8% respectively with a negative predictive value of 98.7% and LR (negative) of 0.35. The test-retest and inter-rater reliability were good and acceptable (Inter-class correlation of 0.69 for test-retest and 0.94 for inter-rater). CONCLUSIONS: LEST (0-3) is a simple, reliable and valid screening tool for use in the community to identify children between 0-3 years with delay in language development, enabling early intervention practices.
OBJECTIVE: To develop and validate a simple screening tool which can be used in the Community to identify delay in language development among children of 0-3 years of age. METHODS: The normal range for the 33 items of Language Evaluation Scale Trivandrum for 0-3years LEST(0-3) were carefully selected from various existing language development charts and scales, by experts keeping in mind the face validity and content validity. The criterion validity was assessed using a community sample of 643 children of 0 to 3 years of age, including 340 (52.9%) boys. LEST (0-3) was validated against Receptive Expressive Energent Language Scale, for screening delay in language development among children of 0-3 years. RESULTS: When one item delay was taken as LEST delay (test positive), the sensitivity and specificity of LEST(0-3), was found to be 95.85% and 77.5%, respectively with a negative predictive value of 99.8% and LR (negative) of 0.05.When two item delay was taken as LEST delay(test positive), the sensitivity and specificity of LEST(0-3), was found to be 66.7% and 94.8% respectively with a negative predictive value of 98.7% and LR (negative) of 0.35. The test-retest and inter-rater reliability were good and acceptable (Inter-class correlation of 0.69 for test-retest and 0.94 for inter-rater). CONCLUSIONS: LEST (0-3) is a simple, reliable and valid screening tool for use in the community to identify children between 0-3 years with delay in language development, enabling early intervention practices.
Authors: M K C Nair; A O Mini; Deepa Bhaskaran; G S Harikumaran Nair; Babu George; M L Leena; Paul Swamidhas Sudhakar Russell Journal: Indian J Pediatr Date: 2014-08-12 Impact factor: 1.967
Authors: M K C Nair; G S Harikumaran Nair; M Beena; P Princly; S Abhiram Chandran; Babu George; M L Leena; Paul Swamidhas Sudhakar Russell Journal: Indian J Pediatr Date: 2014-10-10 Impact factor: 1.967
Authors: M K C Nair; P Princly; M L Leena; S Swapna; Lali Kumari I; R Preethi; Babu George; Paul Swamidhas Sudhakar Russell Journal: Indian J Pediatr Date: 2014-10-09 Impact factor: 1.967