BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: It has been proven that the development and biological behavior of lung carcinoma is affected by a number of signaling pathway elements. The expression levels of Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) and secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) were correlated with tumorigenesis and prognosis. This study aims to investigate KLF4 and SPARC expression and their correlation with the clinical characteristics of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS: KLF4 and SPARC expression was examined immunohistochemically in NSCLC and normal lung tissues from 89 patients. RESULTS: SPARC expression was increased in the tumor specimens compared with the control tissue (70.8% vs 7.9%, P<0.05), whereas KLF4 protein was reduced compared with that in the control tissue (42.7% vs 88.8%, P<0.05). KLF4 expression was significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis and clinical stage (P<0.05). KLF4 expression in NSCLC decreased with the increasing clinical stage. The positive rate of SPARC expression in NSCLC with lymph node metastasis was significantly higher than that without lymph node metastasis (81.3% vs 58.5%, P<0.05). Lung carcinomas in stages I and II disease had significantly lower rates of positive SPARC expression than that in stages III and IV diseases (P<0.05). Both were not related to age, sex, and tumor size (P>0.05). KLF4 expression was negatively correlated with SPARC expression in NSCLC (r=-0.245, P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The SPARC overexpression may play an important role in the initiation and development of NSCLC, whereas KLF4 inhibits this process. These proteins may be used as marker for evaluating the biological characteristics and clinical stages of NSCLC.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: It has been proven that the development and biological behavior of lung carcinoma is affected by a number of signaling pathway elements. The expression levels of Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) and secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) were correlated with tumorigenesis and prognosis. This study aims to investigate KLF4 and SPARC expression and their correlation with the clinical characteristics of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS:KLF4 and SPARC expression was examined immunohistochemically in NSCLC and normal lung tissues from 89 patients. RESULTS:SPARC expression was increased in the tumor specimens compared with the control tissue (70.8% vs 7.9%, P<0.05), whereas KLF4 protein was reduced compared with that in the control tissue (42.7% vs 88.8%, P<0.05). KLF4 expression was significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis and clinical stage (P<0.05). KLF4 expression in NSCLC decreased with the increasing clinical stage. The positive rate of SPARC expression in NSCLC with lymph node metastasis was significantly higher than that without lymph node metastasis (81.3% vs 58.5%, P<0.05). Lung carcinomas in stages I and II disease had significantly lower rates of positive SPARC expression than that in stages III and IV diseases (P<0.05). Both were not related to age, sex, and tumor size (P>0.05). KLF4 expression was negatively correlated with SPARC expression in NSCLC (r=-0.245, P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The SPARC overexpression may play an important role in the initiation and development of NSCLC, whereas KLF4 inhibits this process. These proteins may be used as marker for evaluating the biological characteristics and clinical stages of NSCLC.
肺癌的发病率及死亡率逐年上升,目前己成为世界上死亡率第一位的恶性肿瘤[。肺癌的5年生存率在美国仅为15%,我国则更低。肺癌的发生、发展是一个多因素、多步骤的复杂过程,常与原癌基因激活、抑癌基因下调失活以及侵袭、转移等因素相关。KLF4基因(Krüppel-like factor 4)是一种在人类多种组织中广泛表达的锌指转录因子,在许多不同的生理活动包括生长、分化和正常组织稳态的维持中具有重要作用[。近期研究[表明KLF4在肿瘤的发生与发展中具有重要的作用。而KLF4在肺癌中的表达及其对肺癌发生发展的关系尚不清楚,与肺癌相关性的报道比较少见。富含半胱氨酸的酸性蛋白(secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine, SPARC)与某些细胞外基质成份、生长因子和细胞因子作用参与组织重建、形态生成、细胞迁移和增殖,调节机体的多种生理和病理过程,且与某些肿瘤的临床分期和预后关系密切[,但SPARC在肺癌中的作用仍不明确。同时,有关KLF4、SPARC在肺癌中表达关系的研究较少报道。本研究采用免疫组化法检测非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer, NSCLC)组织中KLF4、SPARC的表达情况,以探讨其与NSCLC发生、发展的关系,为NSCLC的诊断和预后评价寻求客观指标。
KLF4 and SPARC expression in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) (SP, ×400). A: Weak positive expression of KLF4 in NSCLC; B: Positive expression of SPARC in NSCLC.
KLF4、SPARC蛋白在非小细胞肺癌组织中的表达(SP, ×400)。A:KLF4在肺癌组织中弱阳性表达;B:SPARC在肺癌组织中阳性表达。KLF4 and SPARC expression in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) (SP, ×400). A: Weak positive expression of KLF4 in NSCLC; B: Positive expression of SPARC in NSCLC.SPARC主要表达于胞浆,少数也可见于胞核,其在NSCLC中的阳性表达率为70.8%,与正常肺组织(7.9%)相比,差异具有统计学意义(P < 0.05)(图 1B)。
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