BACKGROUND: Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) overexpression and mutations were existed in more than 40% of the lung cancer, and it's the one of molecular targets in clinical treatment. But the EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI)-resistance is becoming a challenging clinical problem as following the application of EGFR-TKIs, Gefitinib or Erlotinib. However, the mechanistic explanation for resistance in the some cases is still lacking. Here we researched the resistance mechanism of H1650 cells. METHODS: Using real-time RT-PCR to analyze the EGFR mRNA expression level in EGFR wild-type non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells; MTT analysis detected the cytotoxicity for NSCLC cells to Erlotinib; Western blot analysis examined the mutant situations and the downstream signaling protein phosphorylation level in EGFR-mutant NSCLC cells with the treatment of Erlotinib or/and PI3K inhibitor, LY294002. RESULTS: In the EGFR wild-type NSCLC cells, the expression level of EGFR mRNA varied dramatically and all the cells showed resistant to Erlotinib; In the EGFR-mutant cells, HCC827 and H1650 (the same activating-mutation type), HCC827 cells were Erlotinib-sensitive as well as H1650 demonstrated primary relative resistance. Western blot analysis showed the loss of PTEN and the p-AKT level was not inhibited with the treatment of Erlotinib or/and LY294002 in H1650 cells, while HCC827 cells were no PTEN loss and definitively decrease of p-AKT level. CONCLUSIONS: EGFR wild-type NSCLC cells were resistant to Erlotinib no matter of how EGFR mRNA expression level. EGFR-activating mutations correlated with responses to Erlotinib. The PTEN loss and activation of AKT signaling pathway contributed to Erlotinib resistance in EGFR-mutant NSCLC cell line H1650.
BACKGROUND:Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) overexpression and mutations were existed in more than 40% of the lung cancer, and it's the one of molecular targets in clinical treatment. But the EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI)-resistance is becoming a challenging clinical problem as following the application of EGFR-TKIs, Gefitinib or Erlotinib. However, the mechanistic explanation for resistance in the some cases is still lacking. Here we researched the resistance mechanism of H1650 cells. METHODS: Using real-time RT-PCR to analyze the EGFR mRNA expression level in EGFR wild-type non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells; MTT analysis detected the cytotoxicity for NSCLC cells to Erlotinib; Western blot analysis examined the mutant situations and the downstream signaling protein phosphorylation level in EGFR-mutant NSCLC cells with the treatment of Erlotinib or/and PI3K inhibitor, LY294002. RESULTS: In the EGFR wild-type NSCLC cells, the expression level of EGFR mRNA varied dramatically and all the cells showed resistant to Erlotinib; In the EGFR-mutant cells, HCC827 and H1650 (the same activating-mutation type), HCC827 cells were Erlotinib-sensitive as well as H1650 demonstrated primary relative resistance. Western blot analysis showed the loss of PTEN and the p-AKT level was not inhibited with the treatment of Erlotinib or/and LY294002 in H1650 cells, while HCC827 cells were no PTEN loss and definitively decrease of p-AKT level. CONCLUSIONS:EGFR wild-type NSCLC cells were resistant to Erlotinib no matter of how EGFR mRNA expression level. EGFR-activating mutations correlated with responses to Erlotinib. The PTEN loss and activation of AKT signaling pathway contributed to Erlotinib resistance in EGFR-mutant NSCLC cell line H1650.
The EGFR mutations in H1975, H1650 and HCC827 cells
Western blot方法检测EGFR的突变情况The EGFR mutations in H1975, H1650 and HCC827 cells3株细胞系分别在7个浓度梯度Erlotinib的培养液中培养72 h,细胞毒性实验结果显示(图 4),Erlotinib能够明显抑制HCC827的生长,呈明显的浓度相关性,IC50为0.03 μΜ;H1975对Erlotinib高度耐药,这些结果均与预期的一致。但实验结果显示,H1650细胞系对Erlotinib相对耐药,约为HCC827的167倍,与预期的推测不一致。
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MTT检测EGFR突变细胞系对Erlotinib药物敏感性
The measurement of cytotoxicity for EGFR-mutant NSCLC cells to Erlotinib by MTT assay
MTT检测EGFR突变细胞系对Erlotinib药物敏感性The measurement of cytotoxicity for EGFR-mutant NSCLC cells to Erlotinib by MTT assay
Western blot方法检测Erlotinib处理HCC827和H1650后p-ERK、p-AKT的表达水平
HCC827 and H1650 cells were treated with Erlotinib for 2 h, Anti-p-AKT and anti-p-ERK antibody was used to detect AKT and ERK phosphorylation, with GAPDH as the loading control.
Western blot方法检测Erlotinib处理HCC827和H1650后p-ERK、p-AKT的表达水平HCC827 and H1650 cells were treated with Erlotinib for 2 h, Anti-p-AKT and anti-p-ERK antibody was used to detect AKT and ERK phosphorylation, with GAPDH as the loading control.Sos等[发现在H1650细胞中有PTEN的缺失。我们实验结果也证实了在H1650细胞中存在PTEN的缺失(图 6)。
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Western bot检测HCC827和H1650细胞中PTEN的表达水平
No PTEN protein detected in H1650 cells
Western bot检测HCC827和H1650细胞中PTEN的表达水平No PTEN protein detected in H1650 cells蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶(phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosometen, PTEN)是具有蛋白与脂质磷酸酯酶活性的双特异性磷酸酯酶,能特异地使磷脂酰肌醇-3, 4, 5-三磷酸3' 位脱磷酸,抑制Akt的磷酸化[。PTEN的缺失可以导致Akt的活化,从而可以解释Erlotinib为什么不能抑制H1650细胞AKT磷酸化水平,但可抑制ERK的磷酸化。为了进一步探讨H1650耐药与PTEN表达缺失的相关性,我们用10 μΜ LY294002(PI3K抑制剂)处理H1650及HCC827细胞2 h,进而检测p-AKT的水平,结果显示(图 7)HCC827细胞的p-AKT明显抑制,但对H1650细胞的p-AKT抑制作用不明显,进一步证实了因为PTEN的缺失,H1650的AKT磷酸化水平不受其上游调节;因为LY294002对Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK通路无作用,所以两种细胞系的p-ERK水平未被抑制(图 7)。
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Western blot检测经LY294002处理后的HCC827和H1650细胞系的p-AKT、p-ERK表达水平
HCC827 and H1650 cells were treated with LY294002 (PI3K inhibitor) for 2 h, Anti-p-AKT and anti-p-ERK antibody was used to detect AKT and ERK phosphorylation, with GAPDH as the loading control.
Western blot检测经LY294002处理后的HCC827和H1650细胞系的p-AKT、p-ERK表达水平HCC827 and H1650 cells were treated with LY294002 (PI3K inhibitor) for 2 h, Anti-p-AKT and anti-p-ERK antibody was used to detect AKT and ERK phosphorylation, with GAPDH as the loading control.综合上述结果,H1650细胞系对Erlotinib相对耐药可能与PTEN缺失导致AKT信号传导通路异常活化有关,而与Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK信号途径无关。
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