INTRODUCTION: Varicose veins affect one-third of the adult population in western countries, but their pathogenesis is incompletely characterized. One of the most controversial issues is the role of inflammation. It is well known that inflammation involves an increased expression/activity of inflammatory mediators. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the presence or absence of mediators of inflammation in varicose as compared to healthy veins. METHODS AND RESULTS: Using immunohistofluorescence on varicose and healthy veins, we investigated the presence of inflammatory cells. They were not detectable. Venous wall C-reactive protein (CRP), fibrinogen (EIA) and pentraxin-3 (Western blot) content were measured. CRP was significantly lower in varicose veins, but no difference was found for fibrinogen or pentraxin-3 between varicose and healthy veins. No difference was observed for enzymes involved in inflammation and responsible for arachidonic acid metabolism such as the acute phase reactant secreted phospholipase A₂-IIA and cyclooxygenase-2, as determined in varicose and healthy veins by Western blot and real-time qRT-PCR. CONCLUSIONS: Our experiments demonstrate no increase in the presence of mediators of inflammation in varicose as compared to healthy veins, suggesting that inflammation may not be an important contributor to the pathogenesis of varicose veins.
INTRODUCTION: Varicose veins affect one-third of the adult population in western countries, but their pathogenesis is incompletely characterized. One of the most controversial issues is the role of inflammation. It is well known that inflammation involves an increased expression/activity of inflammatory mediators. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the presence or absence of mediators of inflammation in varicose as compared to healthy veins. METHODS AND RESULTS: Using immunohistofluorescence on varicose and healthy veins, we investigated the presence of inflammatory cells. They were not detectable. Venous wall C-reactive protein (CRP), fibrinogen (EIA) and pentraxin-3 (Western blot) content were measured. CRP was significantly lower in varicose veins, but no difference was found for fibrinogen or pentraxin-3 between varicose and healthy veins. No difference was observed for enzymes involved in inflammation and responsible for arachidonic acid metabolism such as the acute phase reactant secreted phospholipase A₂-IIA and cyclooxygenase-2, as determined in varicose and healthy veins by Western blot and real-time qRT-PCR. CONCLUSIONS: Our experiments demonstrate no increase in the presence of mediators of inflammation in varicose as compared to healthy veins, suggesting that inflammation may not be an important contributor to the pathogenesis of varicose veins.
Authors: Rahmi Oklu; Roy Habito; Manuel Mayr; Amy R Deipolyi; Hassan Albadawi; Robin Hesketh; T Gregory Walker; Katy R Linskey; Chandler A Long; Stephan Wicky; Julianne Stoughton; Michael T Watkins Journal: J Vasc Interv Radiol Date: 2011-10-26 Impact factor: 3.464
Authors: D Bishop-Bailey; J R Pepper; E B Haddad; R Newton; S W Larkin; J A Mitchell Journal: Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol Date: 1997-09 Impact factor: 8.311
Authors: John J Bergan; Geert W Schmid-Schönbein; Philip D Coleridge Smith; Andrew N Nicolaides; Michel R Boisseau; Bo Eklof Journal: N Engl J Med Date: 2006-08-03 Impact factor: 91.245
Authors: F Fazzini; G Peri; A Doni; G Dell'Antonio; E Dal Cin; E Bozzolo; F D'Auria; L Praderio; G Ciboddo; M G Sabbadini; A A Manfredi; A Mantovani; P R Querini Journal: Arthritis Rheum Date: 2001-12