BACKGROUND: D3CLP (9-[(3-chloro)phenylamine]-2-[3-(diethylamine)propylamine]thiazolo[5,4-b]quinoline) is a potent cytotoxic thiazolo[5,4-b]quinoline synthetic derivative that induces apoptosis of leukemia cells, while it displays low toxicity towards non-tumoral cells. The aim of this study was to determine if D3CLP can enhance the cytotoxicity of other antineoplastic drugs. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Leukemia, breast and cervical cancer cell lines were exposed to D3CLP-alone or in combination with imatinib, tamoxifen or cisplatin, respectively. Cell viability after treatment was evaluated by the MTT assay, and cell death by the TUNEL assay. The effects of combined treatments were analyzed by combination index and isobolographic analysis. RESULTS: Antiproliferative activity results indicate that D3CLP in combination with antineoplastic drugs induced a synergistic effect, at 3:1 and 1:1 ratios for D3CLP plus imatinib in K-562 leukemia cells, and at a 3:1 ratio for D3CLP with cisplatin in HeLa cells, as determined by their combination index. Furthermore, isobolographic analysis demonstrated a significant synergism for a 3:1 combination ratio of D3CLP with cisplatin in HeLa cells. In addition, TUNEL assay suggests cell death by apoptosis of HeLa cells after treatment with D3CLP and its combination with cisplatin at a 3:1 ratio. CONCLUSION: Overall the results indicate that D3CLP, in combined preparation with antineoplastic drugs, is a good candidate for pre-clinical studies in the treatment of different carcinoma cell types.
BACKGROUND:D3CLP (9-[(3-chloro)phenylamine]-2-[3-(diethylamine)propylamine]thiazolo[5,4-b]quinoline) is a potent cytotoxic thiazolo[5,4-b]quinoline synthetic derivative that induces apoptosis of leukemia cells, while it displays low toxicity towards non-tumoral cells. The aim of this study was to determine if D3CLP can enhance the cytotoxicity of other antineoplastic drugs. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Leukemia, breast and cervical cancer cell lines were exposed to D3CLP-alone or in combination with imatinib, tamoxifen or cisplatin, respectively. Cell viability after treatment was evaluated by the MTT assay, and cell death by the TUNEL assay. The effects of combined treatments were analyzed by combination index and isobolographic analysis. RESULTS: Antiproliferative activity results indicate that D3CLP in combination with antineoplastic drugs induced a synergistic effect, at 3:1 and 1:1 ratios for D3CLP plus imatinib in K-562 leukemia cells, and at a 3:1 ratio for D3CLP with cisplatin in HeLa cells, as determined by their combination index. Furthermore, isobolographic analysis demonstrated a significant synergism for a 3:1 combination ratio of D3CLP with cisplatin in HeLa cells. In addition, TUNEL assay suggests cell death by apoptosis of HeLa cells after treatment with D3CLP and its combination with cisplatin at a 3:1 ratio. CONCLUSION: Overall the results indicate that D3CLP, in combined preparation with antineoplastic drugs, is a good candidate for pre-clinical studies in the treatment of different carcinoma cell types.