[Response of soil microbial community to the bioremediation of soil contaminated with PAHs].

The diversity of bacterial community in soil contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) was investigated during the plant-microbe remediation enhanced by biosurfactant rhamnolips (RH), using the polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) method. The results showed that Shannon-Weaver diversity index was only 3.17 before bioremediation, and increased to 3.24-3.45 after bioremediation, in particular, highest value was found in the treatment of alfalfa (AL) inoculated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AM) and PAHs-degrading bacteria (DB) among all the treatments. The clustering analysis showed that the similarities of soil bacterial community of AL, AL + RH, AL + AM and AL + AM + RH were above 90%. At the same time, the similarity of AL + DB was much closer to those of the four treatments mentioned above. Additionally, when the bacterial communities of AL + DB + RH, AL + DB + AM and AL + DB + AM + RH were grouped together, the similarities of these three treatments were also higher than 80%. By sequence alignment, it was found that the predominant and characteristic bands in DGGE patterns were closely related with PAHs-degrading bacteria, such as Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Acidobacteria, Sphingmonas, Rhodopseudomonas, Firmicutes, and Methylocytaceae. Application of rhamnolipids in plant-microbe bioremediation not only improved the bioavailability of PAHs, but also had a simultaneous influence on the diversity of soil bacterial community, resulting in the efficient promotion of PAHs removal from soils.