[Epilepsy and dementia].

Epilepsy with higher brain dysfunction (E-HBD) is sometimes associated with dementia. For example, temporal lobe epilepsy may cause amnesia or behavioral abnormality, and the patient resembles an Alzheimer disease or frontotemporal dementia. E-HBD has two types, transient epileptic higher brain dysfunction and persistent. The persistent type is caused by non-convulsive status epileptics (NCSE), or "antiepileptic drug-responsive neurological deficit", and has no evidence of NCSE. We present 3 cases of E-HBD, and suggest anti-epileptic drugs for patients with higher brain dysfunction.