Banking stem cells for research and clinical applications.

Standardization in stem cell research is a challenging aspect of the field although progress is being made to improve reliability and reproducibility of culture methods and differentiation protocols. A vital element in enabling valid comparisons of research data based on cell lines is to be able to assure the scientific quality of the cells used. Stem cell resource centers or "stem cell banks" can play an important role in stem cell research by focussing on delivery of pluripotent stem cell (PSC) lines that are fit for researchers needs, have not been switched or cross-contaminated by other cells, and are free of microbial contaminants. These fundamental elements of good scientific practice will help to promote good quality and comparable research publications. Stem cell banks can also provide advice on selection from the PSC lines they hold and best practice in culture, preservation, and quality control of stem cell lines. This chapter explores the value of stem cell banks and the various issues to address in delivering PSC lines for both research and as seed stocks for clinical development.