BACKGROUND: It is biologically plausible that vitamin D might prevent prostate cancer. However, recent meta-analyses concluded that there is no consistent relation between circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations and prostate cancer, and several large studies have actually reported an increased risk of prostate cancer associated with high 25(OH)D. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to assess the prospective relations between serum 25(OH)D, serum retinol, and risk of prostate cancer. DESIGN: In this nested case-control study, Norwegian men who participated in population-based health studies between 1981 and 1991 were followed with respect to prostate cancer throughout 2006. For each case (n = 2106), a matched control was selected. Stored serum was analyzed for 25(OH)D by using HPLC atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry. RESULTS: We showed a positive relation between an increasing 25(OH)D concentration and prostate cancer risk [rate ratio (RR): 1.15 (95% CI: 1.04, 1.27) per 30-nmol/L increase in 25(OH)D concentration]. Predefined analyses stratified by season showed no relation for subjects with serum collected during winter and spring (RR: 1.00 per 30-nmol/L increase), whereas a strengthened positive association [RR: 1.27 (95% CI: 1.09, 1.47) per 30-nmol/L increase] was observed in men with serum collected during the summer and autumn. There was no relation between serum retinol and prostate cancer. CONCLUSIONS: The cause for increased risk of prostate cancer related to a high 25(OH)D concentration only during the summer and autumn is not obvious. The effect may be related to vitamin D itself or to other factors associated with sun exposure.
BACKGROUND: It is biologically plausible that vitamin D might prevent prostate cancer. However, recent meta-analyses concluded that there is no consistent relation between circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations and prostate cancer, and several large studies have actually reported an increased risk of prostate cancer associated with high 25(OH)D. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to assess the prospective relations between serum 25(OH)D, serum retinol, and risk of prostate cancer. DESIGN: In this nested case-control study, Norwegian men who participated in population-based health studies between 1981 and 1991 were followed with respect to prostate cancer throughout 2006. For each case (n = 2106), a matched control was selected. Stored serum was analyzed for 25(OH)D by using HPLC atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry. RESULTS: We showed a positive relation between an increasing 25(OH)D concentration and prostate cancer risk [rate ratio (RR): 1.15 (95% CI: 1.04, 1.27) per 30-nmol/L increase in 25(OH)D concentration]. Predefined analyses stratified by season showed no relation for subjects with serum collected during winter and spring (RR: 1.00 per 30-nmol/L increase), whereas a strengthened positive association [RR: 1.27 (95% CI: 1.09, 1.47) per 30-nmol/L increase] was observed in men with serum collected during the summer and autumn. There was no relation between serum retinol and prostate cancer. CONCLUSIONS: The cause for increased risk of prostate cancer related to a high 25(OH)D concentration only during the summer and autumn is not obvious. The effect may be related to vitamin D itself or to other factors associated with sun exposure.
Authors: Johanna E Torfadottir; Thor Aspelund; Unnur A Valdimarsdottir; Mary Frances Cotch; Laufey Tryggvadottir; Tamara B Harris; Vilmundur Gudnason; Hans-Olov Adami; Lorelei A Mucci; Edward L Giovannucci; Meir J Stampfer; Laufey Steingrimsdottir Journal: Cancer Causes Control Date: 2019-02-25 Impact factor: 2.506
Authors: Jan Hammarsten; Jan-Erik Damber; Mohammad A Haghsheno; Dan Mellström; Ralph Peeker Journal: Nat Rev Urol Date: 2018-02-13 Impact factor: 14.432
Authors: Jeannette M Schenk; Cathee A Till; Catherine M Tangen; Phyllis J Goodman; Xiaoling Song; Kathleen C Torkko; Alan R Kristal; Ulrike Peters; Marian L Neuhouser Journal: Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev Date: 2014-08 Impact factor: 4.254
Authors: Alan R Kristal; Cathee Till; Xiaoling Song; Catherine M Tangen; Phyllis J Goodman; Marian L Neuhauser; Jeannette M Schenk; Ian M Thompson; Frank L Meyskens; Gary E Goodman; Lori M Minasian; Howard L Parnes; Eric A Klein Journal: Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev Date: 2014-04-14 Impact factor: 4.254
Authors: Timothy J Key; Paul N Appleby; Ruth C Travis; Demetrius Albanes; Anthony J Alberg; Aurelio Barricarte; Amanda Black; Heiner Boeing; H Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita; June M Chan; Chu Chen; Michael B Cook; Jenny L Donovan; Pilar Galan; Rebecca Gilbert; Graham G Giles; Edward Giovannucci; Gary E Goodman; Phyllis J Goodman; Marc J Gunter; Freddie C Hamdy; Markku Heliövaara; Kathy J Helzlsouer; Brian E Henderson; Serge Hercberg; Judy Hoffman-Bolton; Robert N Hoover; Mattias Johansson; Kay-Tee Khaw; Irena B King; Paul Knekt; Laurence N Kolonel; Loic Le Marchand; Satu Männistö; Richard M Martin; Haakon E Meyer; Alison M Mondul; Kristin A Moy; David E Neal; Marian L Neuhouser; Domenico Palli; Elizabeth A Platz; Camille Pouchieu; Harri Rissanen; Jeannette M Schenk; Gianluca Severi; Meir J Stampfer; Anne Tjønneland; Mathilde Touvier; Antonia Trichopoulou; Stephanie J Weinstein; Regina G Ziegler; Cindy Ke Zhou; Naomi E Allen Journal: Am J Clin Nutr Date: 2015-10-07 Impact factor: 7.045