OBJECTIVE: To provide an updated review of several causes of secondary osteoporosis as well as screening recommendations for these disorders. METHODS: We conducted an updated review of the literature published since 2006 on secondary causes of osteoporosis. This information has been added to the relevant data published between 1990 and 2006, which was included in our prior review from 2006. This current review also includes recent clinical guidelines recommendations. RESULTS: Secondary osteoporosis occurs in almost two thirds of men, more than half of premenopausal women, and about 30% of postmenopausal women. Its causes are vast, and they include hypogonadism, medications, hyperthyroidism, vitamin D deficiency, primary hyperparathyroidism, solid organ transplantation, gastrointestinal diseases, hematologic diseases, Cushing's syndrome, and idiopathic hypercalciuria. These causes have their own pathogenesis, epidemiologic features, and effects on the skeleton. CONCLUSION: The causes of secondary osteoporosis are numerous, and an understanding of their characteristics with respect to bone density and potential fracture risk is essential in the management of osteoporosis. A heightened awareness of the possibility of their existence is necessary to provide optimal care.
OBJECTIVE: To provide an updated review of several causes of secondary osteoporosis as well as screening recommendations for these disorders. METHODS: We conducted an updated review of the literature published since 2006 on secondary causes of osteoporosis. This information has been added to the relevant data published between 1990 and 2006, which was included in our prior review from 2006. This current review also includes recent clinical guidelines recommendations. RESULTS: Secondary osteoporosis occurs in almost two thirds of men, more than half of premenopausal women, and about 30% of postmenopausal women. Its causes are vast, and they include hypogonadism, medications, hyperthyroidism, vitamin D deficiency, primary hyperparathyroidism, solid organ transplantation, gastrointestinal diseases, hematologic diseases, Cushing's syndrome, and idiopathic hypercalciuria. These causes have their own pathogenesis, epidemiologic features, and effects on the skeleton. CONCLUSION: The causes of secondary osteoporosis are numerous, and an understanding of their characteristics with respect to bone density and potential fracture risk is essential in the management of osteoporosis. A heightened awareness of the possibility of their existence is necessary to provide optimal care.
Authors: María Sierra Girón-Prieto; María Del Carmen Cano-García; Antonio Poyatos-Andújar; Salvador Arias-Santiago; Tomás de Haro-Muñoz; Miguel Arrabal-Martín; Miguel Ángel Arrabal-Polo Journal: Urolithiasis Date: 2016-08-01 Impact factor: 3.436
Authors: Tadatoshi Sato; Marie Courbebaisse; Noriko Ide; Yi Fan; Jun-Ichi Hanai; Jovana Kaludjerovic; Michael J Densmore; Quan Yuan; Hakan R Toka; Martin R Pollak; Jianghui Hou; Beate Lanske Journal: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Date: 2017-04-03 Impact factor: 11.205
Authors: O Gómez; A P Talero; M B Zanchetta; M Madeira; C A Moreira; C Campusano; A M Orjuela; S Cerdas P; M P de la Peña-Rodríguez; A A Reza; C Velazco; B Mendoza; L R Uzcátegui; P N Rueda Journal: Arch Osteoporos Date: 2021-07-24 Impact factor: 2.617
Authors: W M Kohrt; E S Orwoll; C M Swanson; P J Blatchford; K L Stone; J A Cauley; N E Lane; T S Rogers-Soeder; S Redline; D C Bauer; K P Wright; M E Wierman Journal: Osteoporos Int Date: 2020-09-15 Impact factor: 4.507