A Hata1, M Kitajima, H Katayama. 1. Department of Urban Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. hata@env.t.u-tokyo.ac.jp
Abstract
AIMS: To evaluate and compare the reductions of human viruses and F-specific coliphages in a full-scale wastewater treatment plant based on the quantitative PCR (qPCR) and plate count assays. METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 24 water samples were collected from four locations at the plant, and the relative abundance of human viruses and F-RNA phage genogroups were determined by qPCR. Of the 10 types of viruses tested, enteric adenoviruses were the most prevalent in both influent and effluent wastewater samples. Of the different treatment steps, the activated sludge process was most effective in reducing the microbial loads. Viruses and F-RNA phages showed variable reduction; among them, GI and GIII F-RNA phages showed the lowest and the highest reduction, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Ten types of viruses were present in wastewater that is discharged into public water bodies after treatment. The variability in reduction for the different virus types demonstrates that selection of adequate viral indicators is important for evaluating the efficacy of wastewater treatment and ensuring the water safety. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: Our comprehensive analyses of the occurrence and reduction of viruses and indicators can contribute to the future establishment of appropriate viral indicators to evaluate the efficacy of wastewater treatment.
AIMS: To evaluate and compare the reductions of human viruses and F-specific coliphages in a full-scale wastewater treatment plant based on the quantitative PCR (qPCR) and plate count assays. METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 24 water samples were collected from four locations at the plant, and the relative abundance of human viruses and F-RNA phage genogroups were determined by qPCR. Of the 10 types of viruses tested, enteric adenoviruses were the most prevalent in both influent and effluent wastewater samples. Of the different treatment steps, the activated sludge process was most effective in reducing the microbial loads. Viruses and F-RNA phages showed variable reduction; among them, GI and GIII F-RNA phages showed the lowest and the highest reduction, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Ten types of viruses were present in wastewater that is discharged into public water bodies after treatment. The variability in reduction for the different virus types demonstrates that selection of adequate viral indicators is important for evaluating the efficacy of wastewater treatment and ensuring the water safety. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: Our comprehensive analyses of the occurrence and reduction of viruses and indicators can contribute to the future establishment of appropriate viral indicators to evaluate the efficacy of wastewater treatment.
Authors: Andrej Steyer; Ion Gutiérrez-Aguirre; Nejc Rački; Sara Beigot Glaser; Barbara Brajer Humar; Marjeta Stražar; Igor Škrjanc; Mateja Poljšak-Prijatelj; Maja Ravnikar; Maja Rupnik Journal: Food Environ Virol Date: 2015-02-07 Impact factor: 2.778
Authors: Andrêssa Silvino Ferreira Assis; Tulio Machado Fumian; Marize Pereira Miagostovich; Betânia Paiva Drumond; Maria Luzia da Rosa E Silva Journal: Environ Sci Pollut Res Int Date: 2018-04-09 Impact factor: 4.223
Authors: Jatinder P S Sidhu; Warish Ahmed; Andrew Palmer; Kylie Smith; Leonie Hodgers; Simon Toze Journal: Environ Sci Pollut Res Int Date: 2017-06-28 Impact factor: 4.223