Gabriel E Ryb1, Patricia C Dischinger, Gerald McGwin, Russell L Griffin. 1. The Charles C. Mathias, Jr. National Study Center for Trauma and EMS, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD (GER, PCD); Program in Trauma, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD (GER); Center for Injury Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham (GMG, RLG).
Abstract
PURPOSE: : The purpose of this study is to establish whether motor vehicular crash (MVC) case fatality varies across different urbanization levels in the USA using a representative sample of crashes. METHODS: : Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between urbanization level [i.e., central city (CC), suburban (SU) and others (OT)] and mortality were estimated in the 1997 - 2010 National Automotive Sampling System Crashworthiness Data System. Multiple logistic regression was used to adjust for confounders. Analysis was repeated for the occurrence of pre-hospital and hospital deaths. RESULTS: : 49,040,520 weighted occupants were included in the study. The distribution of occupants by urbanization categories was: SU 45%, OT 42%, and CC 13%. Case fatality was higher among OT occupants (0.81%) than among SU (0.51%) and CC (0.37%) occupants. Similar findings were present for pre-hospital deaths (OT 0.52%, SU 0.30%, and CC 0.21%) and hospital deaths (OT 0.29%, SU 0.21%, and CC 0.16%). Multivariate analysis revealed that adjusted odds of death were higher for OT cases [OR=1.55 (1.05-2.30)] than the CC. Adjusted odds of death for SU (OR=1.05 (0.81-1.37) were not different than CCs. Similar but accentuated findings were found for pre-hospital deaths. In contrast, adjusted odds of hospital death were not different among the 3 groups. CONCLUSION: : Occupants of vehicles crashing in OT (i.e., rural areas and small cities) experience a higher likelihood of dying after MVCs than those in CC and SU. Pre-hospital deaths, not hospital deaths, are responsible for this disparity.
PURPOSE: : The purpose of this study is to establish whether motor vehicular crash (MVC) case fatality varies across different urbanization levels in the USA using a representative sample of crashes. METHODS: : Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between urbanization level [i.e., central city (CC), suburban (SU) and others (OT)] and mortality were estimated in the 1997 - 2010 National Automotive Sampling System Crashworthiness Data System. Multiple logistic regression was used to adjust for confounders. Analysis was repeated for the occurrence of pre-hospital and hospital deaths. RESULTS: : 49,040,520 weighted occupants were included in the study. The distribution of occupants by urbanization categories was: SU 45%, OT 42%, and CC 13%. Case fatality was higher among OT occupants (0.81%) than among SU (0.51%) and CC (0.37%) occupants. Similar findings were present for pre-hospital deaths (OT 0.52%, SU 0.30%, and CC 0.21%) and hospital deaths (OT 0.29%, SU 0.21%, and CC 0.16%). Multivariate analysis revealed that adjusted odds of death were higher for OT cases [OR=1.55 (1.05-2.30)] than the CC. Adjusted odds of death for SU (OR=1.05 (0.81-1.37) were not different than CCs. Similar but accentuated findings were found for pre-hospital deaths. In contrast, adjusted odds of hospital death were not different among the 3 groups. CONCLUSION: : Occupants of vehicles crashing in OT (i.e., rural areas and small cities) experience a higher likelihood of dying after MVCs than those in CC and SU. Pre-hospital deaths, not hospital deaths, are responsible for this disparity.
Authors: Landon R Mueller; John P Donnelly; Karen E Jacobson; Jestin N Carlson; N Clay Mann; Henry E Wang Journal: Prehosp Emerg Care Date: 2016-01-25 Impact factor: 3.077
Authors: Pricila H Mullachery; Ana F Ortigoza; Edwin M McCulley; Daniel A Rodríguez; Ana V Diez Roux; Usama Bilal Journal: J Urban Health Date: 2022-05-05 Impact factor: 5.801