High viability of cells encapsulated in degradable poly(carboxybetaine) hydrogels.

In this study, we report a degradable poly(carboxybetaine) (pCB) hydrogel, produced via a thiol-disulfide exchange reaction for cell encapsulation. A pCB dithiol was synthesized as a cross-linker and reacted with a pyridyl dithiol-containing CB copolymer to form a hydrogel. We evaluated the biocompatibility of the pCB-based hydrogel via encapsulation of three cell types, including NIH3T3 fibroblasts, MG63 osteoblast-like cells, and HepG2 hepatocarcinoma cells. Up to 90% of cells retained their viability in the pCB hydrogel even at low cell-seeding densities under serum-free conditions after a 9-day culture. Results are compared with a degradable poly(ethylene glycol) methacrylate (PEGMA) hydrogel, which showed very low cell viability under serum-free condition after a 3-day culture. We incorporated an RGD peptide into the CB hydrogel using a cysteine-terminated cross-linker, which was shown to promote cell proliferation.