Temperature-dependent demography of Aulacaspis yasumatsui (Hemiptera: Diaspididae).

Aulacaspis yasumatsui Takagi continues to threaten the extinction of the endemic and endangered Cycas taitungensis (Shen et al.) in Taiwan. Failure to understand its population demographic parameters in detail will continue to hinder the success of pest management practices. An in-depth knowledge of the development, survival, and fecundity of A. yasumatsui under different environmental conditions is necessary to understand its' population growth. The demography of A. yasumatsui was studied in the laboratory based on the age-stage, two-sex life table at 20, 23, 25, 28, and 31 degrees C, 70% relative humidity, and a photoperiod of 16:8 (L:D) h. The intrinsic rate of increase (r) under these temperatures was 0.06, 0.07, 0.09, 0.10, and 0.08 d(-1), respectively. The net reproductive rate (R0) was 46.27, 47.78, 69.50, 96.08, and 56.65 offsprings per individual and the mean generation time (T) was 65.60, 55.81, 47.82, 44.15, and 51.42 d, respectively. A. yasumatsui does well at warmer temperatures (25-28 degrees C); however, its performance is disrupted at lower temperatures. This study provides insight on how to minimize growth and destruction of A. yasumatsui and conservation of Cy. taitungensis; new cycad reserves should be set up in cooler areas in Taiwan.