PURPOSE: Currently, the interaction between the niche and glioma cancer stem cells (gCSCs) is gaining attention. However, there are few studies concerned with the effects of repeated exposure to a new microenvironment on gCSCs characteristics. In this study, serial in vivo subtransplantation was performed to create a new microenvironment. We evaluated and compared the biological characteristics of gCSCs after serial in vivo subtransplantation. METHODS: We cultured gCSCs from human glioma specimens according to cultured gliomasphere methods. The isolated gCSCs were termed zero-generation gCSCs (G0-gCSCs). By subsequent serial subtransplantation, we obtained first-generation gCSCs (G1-gCSCs) and second-generation gCSCs (G2-gCSCs). We evaluated and compared the biological characteristics of G0-gCSCs, G1-gCSCs, and G2-gCSCs. The in vitro characteristics included the morphology, surface marker profiles, and neural differentiation capacity and the in vivo characteristics was the survival of mice xenografts. Additionally, brain sections were analyzed using PCNA, TUNEL, and CD31 staining. RESULTS: We observed no significant differences in the in vitro characteristics of G0-gCSCs, G1-gCSCs, and G2-gCSCs. However, the survival time of mice glioma xenografts was significantly decreased upon serial subtransplantation. In addition, immunohistochemical analyses showed that the number of TUNEL(+) cells was significantly decreased while the number of CD31(+) cells was significantly increased with serial in vivo subtransplantation. CONCLUSIONS: There were significant in vivo biological changes in gCSCs upon serial in vivo subtransplantation, which were shorter xenograft survival, increased angiogenesis, and decreased apoptosis. This study suggests that the repeated exposure to new microenvironments may affect the biological changes in gCSCs in vivo.
PURPOSE: Currently, the interaction between the niche and glioma cancer stem cells (gCSCs) is gaining attention. However, there are few studies concerned with the effects of repeated exposure to a new microenvironment on gCSCs characteristics. In this study, serial in vivo subtransplantation was performed to create a new microenvironment. We evaluated and compared the biological characteristics of gCSCs after serial in vivo subtransplantation. METHODS: We cultured gCSCs from humanglioma specimens according to cultured gliomasphere methods. The isolated gCSCs were termed zero-generation gCSCs (G0-gCSCs). By subsequent serial subtransplantation, we obtained first-generation gCSCs (G1-gCSCs) and second-generation gCSCs (G2-gCSCs). We evaluated and compared the biological characteristics of G0-gCSCs, G1-gCSCs, and G2-gCSCs. The in vitro characteristics included the morphology, surface marker profiles, and neural differentiation capacity and the in vivo characteristics was the survival of mice xenografts. Additionally, brain sections were analyzed using PCNA, TUNEL, and CD31 staining. RESULTS: We observed no significant differences in the in vitro characteristics of G0-gCSCs, G1-gCSCs, and G2-gCSCs. However, the survival time of miceglioma xenografts was significantly decreased upon serial subtransplantation. In addition, immunohistochemical analyses showed that the number of TUNEL(+) cells was significantly decreased while the number of CD31(+) cells was significantly increased with serial in vivo subtransplantation. CONCLUSIONS: There were significant in vivo biological changes in gCSCs upon serial in vivo subtransplantation, which were shorter xenograft survival, increased angiogenesis, and decreased apoptosis. This study suggests that the repeated exposure to new microenvironments may affect the biological changes in gCSCs in vivo.
Authors: Frank B Furnari; Tim Fenton; Robert M Bachoo; Akitake Mukasa; Jayne M Stommel; Alexander Stegh; William C Hahn; Keith L Ligon; David N Louis; Cameron Brennan; Lynda Chin; Ronald A DePinho; Webster K Cavenee Journal: Genes Dev Date: 2007-11-01 Impact factor: 11.361
Authors: Kyoung Su Sung; Jin-Kyoung Shim; Ji-Hyun Lee; Se Hoon Kim; Sohee Park; Tae-Hoon Roh; Ju Hyung Moon; Eui-Hyun Kim; Sun Ho Kim; Su Jae Lee; Yong Min Huh; Seok-Gu Kang; Jong Hee Chang Journal: Cancer Cell Int Date: 2016-09-27 Impact factor: 5.722
Authors: Milcah C Scott; Hirotaka Tomiyasu; John R Garbe; Ingrid Cornax; Clarissa Amaya; M Gerard O'Sullivan; Subbaya Subramanian; Brad A Bryan; Jaime F Modiano Journal: Dis Model Mech Date: 2016-11-03 Impact factor: 5.758