Three-dimensional human gait pattern - reference data for normal men.

The aim of this research was to establish a kinematic pattern of adult gait for motion analysis system BTS Smart-E used in the research conducted in the Laboratory of Biomechanical Analysis, University School of Physical Education, Wrocław. This research presents the results of gait patterns for a group of 17 adult males for three speed levels: high (1), preferred (2), and low (3). Subject's sex, age and speed of gait are to be considered in the kinematic normal gait pattern. No statistically significant differences were observed between the right and the left limb. However, differences between the high, preferred and low gait speed were noticeable. An increase in gait speed was related to the change in the angular range of motion in the hip, knee and ankle joints sagittal plane. The range of motion in joints mostly increased with the subjects' speed. No significant differences between the range of motion and speed were observed in the ankle joint.